Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Pencil graphite electrodes were quite useful in voltammetric studies of wide range of organic compounds with biological and industrial significance. In the present research, HB pencil graphite paste electrode with 15% pencil 8B grade was fabricated. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the electrochemical reduction mechanism of nifedipine at the electrode. The peak due to 4e- and 4H+ reduction of 2-nitro group of the drug to hydroxyl amine is selected for the voltammetric method development. The pencil graphite blend paste electrode produced good and consistent reduction peaks of nifedipine by differential pulse voltammetry. The optimisation of pH, scan rate, accumulation time and potential and other parameters was carried out using DPV peak signals. A linear range of 10 – 100 nM for nifedipine was obtained with equation Ip(μA) = 0.098C(nM)+4.309 (correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.999) and detection limits of 6.0 nM and quantitation limits of 20 nM. By the present method, recoveries values are obtained in the range of 97.0-101.0 % for nifedipine tablets with RSD values ranging from...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly explored as clinical decision-support tools. However, their accuracy and safety in biochemical report interpretation and pharmacotherapy recommendations remain insufficiently evaluated. Objective: To assess the accuracy, safety, consistency, and error patterns of AI chatbots in interpreting biochemical data and providing pharmacological recommendations. Methods: This cross-sectional, case-based analytical study evaluated 100 standardized clinical scenarios across diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, renal dysfunction, and liver disorders. Five AI chatbots were assessed using a uniform prompt. Responses were compared with gold-standard references and scored using a composite system (maximum score = 9) evaluating interpretation accuracy, therapeutic accuracy, safety, and justification. Statistical analysis included Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square tests. Results: Significant differences were observed among chatbots (p = 0.003). Chatbots A and D demonstrated superior performance, with excellent responses in 68% and 60% of cases, respectively, compared to 28% in chatbot E. Interpretation accuracy was consistently higher (91% in chatbot A) than therapeutic accuracy (87% in chatbot A) across all models. Domain-wise performance was highest in diabetes (91%) and lowest...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: India is one of the highest TB burden countries with an annual incidence 199 TB cases/100,000 population and the estimated death rate in the year 2023 among all forms of TB was 23/100,000 population. The variables like undernutrition or malnutrition at treatment initiation, low BMI, presence of comorbidities and severe stunting were associated with unfavourable TB treatment outcomes. Material and Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study carried out at DTC Rohtak and study period was 6 months i.e. January 2024 – June 2024. The study recruited all newly diagnosed sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis adult age ≥18 years patients registered during the period Jan 2024-June 2024 on Nikshay portal for DTC urban TU Rohtak. Results: A total of 65 study subjects; majority of study subjects 57 (87.7%) were cured, 7 (10.8%) study subjects completed treatment while one study subject was died during course of treatment. In the multivariable analysis, the variables like: age, caste, marital status, education, occupation, BMI, DM and AFB Grading were found statistically significant...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several non-communicable disorders, including neurodegenerative, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. Plant-derived flavonoids have gained increasing scientific attention owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Citrus medica L. (citron), an ethnomedicinal citrus fruit, is recognized as a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals, particularly rutin. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the nutritional composition, antioxidant potential, and prospective anti-inflammatory activity of Citrus medica flesh juice through integrated experimental and computational approaches. Proximate composition analysis was performed using standard AOAC protocols, while antioxidant activity was determined by the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. Rutin content was quantified spectrophotometrically using a rutin calibration standard. Molecular docking analysis was carried out to evaluate the interaction of rutin with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), a key regulator of inflammatory signaling pathways. In addition, pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties of rutin were predicted using the SwissADME web platform. The proximate analysis demonstrated that Citrus medica L flesh juice possessed high moisture content (80%), along with...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a global health concern, contributing to morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs. In India, underreporting and inconsistent causality assessment hinder pharmacovigilance. WHO UMC scale standardizes ADR classification; semi urban hospital data remain limited. Objective: To systematically analyze ADRs reported in a semi urban tertiary hospital in Hosur, Tamil Nadu, using the WHO UMC causality assessment scale, and to evaluate their severity, preventability, and drug class distribution. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over one year at St. Peter’s Medical College & Hospital. All spontaneously reported ADRs from inpatients and outpatients were included. Data were collected using Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) forms and assessed with the WHO UMC causality scale, Hartwig and Siegel severity scale, and Schumock and Thornton preventability criteria. Results: A total of 36 ADRs were documented in patients aged 9 months to 80 years, with slight female predominance. Cephalosporins (42%) were leading, followed by contrast agents (22%) and NSAIDs (11%). Dermatological reactions were most frequent, systemic events...
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