Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
The increasing demand for natural, low-calorie sweeteners has driven innovation beyond first-generation plant derived glycosides. While advanced steviol glycosides such as rebaudioside M have achieved commercial success, mogrosides from Siraitia grosvenorii and Siamenoside I from Siraitia siamensis are emerging as promising next-generation monk fruit sweeteners. These cucurbitane type triterpene glycosides exhibit high sweetness potency, favorable safety profiles, and improved sensory characteristics compared with earlier monk fruit extracts. This paper summarizes the chemistry, sensory properties, production technologies, safety, regulatory status of mogrosides and Siamenoside I, and discusses future opportunities for their commercialization in beverage and food applications. Additionally, the paper presents research data of Siamenoside I from sensory evaluations supporting its functional and sensory...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Interindividual variability in response to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be influenced by genetic polymorphisms affecting drug transport and metabolism. Variants in the SLC5A2 and UGT1A9 genes may influence therapeutic response, pharmacokinetics, and susceptibility to adverse effects associated with SGLT2 inhibitors. However, population-specific pharmacogenomic data for the Indian population remain limited. Objective: To compare allele frequencies of selected SLC5A2 and UGT1A9 variants and predict their potential pharmacogenetic implications for SGLT2 inhibitor response in the Indian population using in-silico analysis. Methods: This in-silico pharmacogenomic study analyzed selected SLC5A2 variants (rs9934336, rs3813008) and UGT1A9 variants (rs2741049, rs72551330) using publicly available genomic databases including IndiGenomes and the 1000 Genomes Project. Functional annotation and pathogenicity prediction were performed using dbSNP, Ensembl, SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Mutation Assessor, and MutationTaster tools. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium-based genotype simulations were used to estimate potential pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic variability associated with SGLT2 inhibitor therapy. All findings represent computational predictions derived from publicly available genomic datasets. Results: The Indian population demonstrated distinct allele frequencies for rs9934336 (0.1753), rs3813008 (0.2889), rs2741049 (0.6791),...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1), encoded by the SLCO1B1 gene, plays an important role in hepatic uptake of atorvastatin. Genetic polymorphisms in SLCO1B1 may alter atorvastatin response. Objective: To assess the association of SLCO1B1 rs2306283 (c.388A>G) polymorphism with lipid lowering response to atorvastatin in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) attending a tertiary care center in North India. Methods: A total of 121 patients were screened, of whom 91 eligible patients were enrolled. Eighty patients completed the 8-week follow-up and were included in final analysis. Newly diagnosed patients with MetS received atorvastatin 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks. Genotyping for SLCO1B1 rs2306283 polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP technique. Lipid parameters and surrogate cardiovascular risk markers were compared among different genotypic variants. Results: Genotype frequencies for AA, AG and GG variants were 25%, 35% and 40%, respectively. Allelic frequencies for A and G alleles were 42.5% and 57.5%, respectively. Patients with GG genotype demonstrated significantly greater increase in HDL cholesterol levels and greater reduction in LDL cholesterol levels...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
There are no recognized pharmacopoeial standards for the plant Syngonium wendlandii Schott, a member of the Araceae family. This study was conducted to evaluate potential pharmacological and physicochemical profiles and to generate comprehensive quality control measures in compliance with WHO guidelines (2002). To verify plant identity and quality, pharmacognostic evaluation was carried out using macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and fluorescent tests. According to preliminaryphytochemical screening, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, proteins, and carbohydrates were found in the successive extracts, which were further evaluated for C and anti-inflammatory activity. The α-amylase inhibition assay was used to assess antidiabetic activity in-vitro, and the protein denaturation method was used to assess anti-inflammatory activity.Compared with the standard acarbose (IC50 = 100.98 ± 0.579 μg/mL), the hydroalcoholic extract exhibited notable α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50of 133.52 ± 2.568 μg/mL. Comparable to acetylsalicylic acid (IC50 = 77.025 ± 0.335 μg/mL), the extract demonstrated a significant reduction in protein denaturation in the anti-inflammatory experiment, with an IC50 of 76.345 ± 0.025 μg/mL. Other extracts showed a...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
The standardization of Siddha formulations is a critical step for establishing consistent chemical profiles and ensuring quality control in the commercial manufacturing of herbal drugs. Vilvathy Legium is a Siddha polyherbal formulation in the Siddha Sastric textbook, Athmarakshamirtham Ennum Vaidhiya Sarasangiragam, authored by Kandhasamy Mudhaliyar and indicated for conditions such as gastrointestinal disorders and respiratory tract diseases. To ensure safety and therapeutic efficacy, the current study aimed to standardize Vilvathy Legium according to PLIM guidelines through organoleptic evaluation, physicochemical analysis, and safety testing. Safety assessments confirmed that heavy metals (Pb, Hg, As, Cd), microbial loads, and mycotoxins were well within permissible limits, while all targeted pesticide residues were below the limit of quantification. Preliminary HPTLC fingerprinting at 254 nm, 366 nm, and 580 nm identified distinct chemical peaks for phenolics, flavonoids, and saponins. This study provides quality-indicating physiochemical and chemical fingerprints necessary for the routine quality assurance of Vilvathy...
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