Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
As Atenolol is one of the first choice medications in the management of hypertension in Sudan, it was very important to carry out post authorization safety studies on some of the brands commercially available on the market. The pharmaceutical equivalence of three Atenolol 100 mg tablets was evaluated using official and non-official standards according to US Pharmacopoeia including weight variation, diameter, hardness, disintegration, and assay. Dissolution profiles were studied using three different buffer solutions: PH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 and evaluated using the similarity factor f2 to predict the likely in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence. The three brands complied with the requirements of the official tests of weight variation, hardness, disintegration, assay and dissolution. The two generics used in this study failed to qualify for biowaivers, as brand (A) did not qualify for the WHO criteria for biowaivers (both the test and reference products are very rapidly dissolving in the three media, ie to release ≥ 85 % in 15 min). The amount released in 15 minutes was less...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
The plant Piper chaba is an herbaceous and flowering plants. It is a tropical family of five genera and 500 species which are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. All the parts of this plant such as Stem, leaves and fruits has activated medicinal compounds. Stem and leaves were successively extracted with different organic purified solvent such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Evaporation of the solvents from the extract and other solutions were carried out on a rotary vacuum evaporator under reduced pressure of bath temperature which was not exceeding 40°C. The compound was dissolved in a minimum volume of a solvent in hot condition and was left undisturbed condition for crystallization. The melting point of the compound was determined as 126-127°C. The purity of the compounds were tested by analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC). Petroleum ether extract was chromatographed over silica gel column. A compound (PC-1) was isolated and purified which was finally characterized as piperine by various techniques coupled with IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
Angkak rice (red mold rice, red yeast rice, Chinese red rice) which is a product of solid fermentation was prepared from non glutinous rice (Oryza sativa L.). Five different angkak samples containing varied level of lovastatin, pravastatin and citrinin suspension at a dose of 1g/kg were administered to hyperlipidemic rats for 30 days. There was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (30.8%), total triglyceride (33.3%), high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (25.9% and 40.5% respectively) in angkak fed hyperlipidemic rats in comparison to untreated hyperlipidemic rats (p<0.05). No significant difference in serum total cholesterol, total triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum of hyperlipidemic rats treated with angkak 1 (lovastatin 3.410 mg/g, pravastatin 1.524 mg/g and citrinin 8.345 mg/g) and angkak 4 (lovastatin 3.331 mg/g, pravastatin 1.751 mg/g and citrinin 9.874 mg/g) in comparison to hyperlipidemic rats treated with standard lovastatin (10 mg/kg) was observed. Animals fed with angkak samples showed no significant difference in their serum creatinine kinase, serum creatinine level and liver enzymes in comparison...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
India having a large stretch of marine coastline is advantageous as a natural resource for marine aquaculture. But the waste produce from the marine processing industries fetch a greater environmental risk as there is accumulation of wastes in huge quantity. These wastes are a larger source of natural carotenoids that have a huge pharmaceutical potentials. So proper initiatives must be taken to recycle the waste into a product. Natural astaxanthin from crustacean shell waste is a better alternative to the synthetic orange-red pigment. In this present investigation astaxanthin was extracted from crustacean shell waste, by using organic solvents of different polarities (Hexane, methanol, ethanol, petroleum ether, chloroform and acetone). Characterization of the astaxanthin pigment were performed by TLC buy comparing the Retardation factor (Rf) as indicated in Lorenz Todd standard chromatogram where three bands of Astaxanthin (Rf=0.36), Astaxanthin monoester(Rf=0.60) and Astaxanthin diester (Rf=0.75) were detected. The extraction yield of the natural carotenoid from shrimp waste was compared amongst all solvents spectrophotometrically at 470 nm and quantified using equation of...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
The global rise in dengue cases is a major public health concern in terms of morbidity and mortality. The recent study reports 390 million dengue infections annually of which 96 million infections becomes clinically or subclinically severe. Therefore, development of an effective tetravalent vaccine against dengue is a top priority. Dengue envelope domain III is a surface exposed protein; involved in host cell binding and containing multiple, serotype-specific and subcomplex-specific neutralizing epitopes, thus becomes an ideal target for vaccine development. The rapid growth in bioinformatics or immunoinformatics area in terms of development of sophisticated tools assists researchers to predict immunodominant epitopes and study various characteristics of the predicted vaccine model. The combination of computer-aided or in silico methods and experimental methods are useful tools to address complex problems such as deciphering immune responses and vaccine design. In the present study we aim to develop a recombinant tetravalent vaccine model using bioinformatics tools of our vaccine candidate containing envelope domain III of all four dengue serotypes (GenBank ID: KF 855114)...
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