Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
This review covers of the results of previously conducted retrospective and prospective clinical trials and data of Cochrane reviews to examine the effects of D-penicillamine (DPA) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and associated low incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In the ABO- and Rh-Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) DPA significantly reduced the need for both initial and repeated exchange transfusions (ET). In Rh-HDN, almost the half of cases, no ET was performed in the DPA-treated group. Furthermore, this treatment was associated with elimination of all stages of ROP in two trials conducted between 1984 and 1986 in the Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Debrecen. DPA-therapy of newborn infants may have significant neuroprotective effects in cases jeopardized by bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND) or ROP, which may be related to its capability to alter the nitric oxide (NO) system and to its strong antioxidant effects. It can be assumed that in preventing and treating hyperbilirubinemia, ROP and oxygen toxicity, the mechanism of action of DPA is identical: the protection of...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Enteric coating material that, was synthesized in the laboratory and applied to a tablet and also drug release profile was investigated. A polymeric material – Phthalic acid propane-1,2 diol-glycerol co-polyester (PPGC) was synthesized from phthalic acid and propane-1, 2-diol with 5% glycerol of total weight as a crosslinking agent using Dean-Stark apparatus with Ferric Chloride as catalyst and o-xylene as the reaction medium. The polymer was dissolved in volatile organic solvent (Ethyl acetate) to prepare coating solution. The coating solution was sprayed over the DS tablet in a small coating pan with continuous hot air flow. The coating pan was allowed to rotate until the solvent evaporated and the tablet dried. The percentage of drug release from di-chlofenac sodium (DS) core and coated tablets (coated by phthalic acid-propane-1, 2-diol-glycerol co-polyester) instimulated gastric fluid (pH = 1.2) and in stimulated intestinal fluid (pH = 7.4), was investigated and according to B.P. standard drug release profile was...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Pharmaceutical excipients when co-processed have improved flow and disintegrant properties in tablet formulations. However, physical mixtures of excipients show limited functions, poor flow properties, and poor functional properties so they cannot be used directly in tablet formulations. Majority of solid dosage forms contain multiple excipients, which provides a wide window of opportunities by combining existing excipients to achieve the desired set of performance characteristics. Over the years, the development of single-bodied excipient combinations at a sub-particle level, called co-processed excipients which deals with particle engineering, has gained huge importance. Co-processing involves interaction of two or more excipients at the sub-particle level aimed at providing a synergy of functionality improvements, as well as masking the undesirable properties of the individual excipients. Preparation of co-processed excipients involves incorporation of one excipient into the particle structure of another, using Co-Drying and Melt granulation technology. Co-processing is primarily aimed at addressing the issues of flow ability, compressibility and disintegration potential. Co-processing of excipients is multifaceted with the characteristic properties like Absence of chemical...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Lutein; an orange-red colored powder, insoluble in water; is a member of the carotenoid family, a xanthophyll pigment. Lutein was evaluated for its antioxidant property when dissolved in different solvents. Solvents used in the study were chloroform, ethanol, methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The antioxidant potential of lutein was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity, 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric anion reducing power assay (FRAP), 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays. It was also assessed for its antihemolytic and thrombolytic potential. Antioxidant property was compared to that of a standard (gallic acid). The antihemolytic property was assessed by the percentage inhibition of hemolysis in heat induced hemolytic assay and osmotic fragility test. The thrombolytic potential was evaluated by the percentage of clot dissolved by lutein in different solvents. Aspirin and trypsin were used as positive controls for antihemolytic and thrombolytic assays respectively. The results for total antioxidant capacity and FRAP were given in terms of gallic acid equivalents and the...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
The objective of the present investigation was to improve dissolution characteristics of febuxostat, a BCS class – II drug, by formulating it as solid dispersion adsorbate. Solid dispersion adsorbate(SDA) was prepared using labrasol, transcutol and lutrol F127 as carriers and neusilin as adsorbent. Formulation was prepared using combination of melt and adsorption technique. Optimized formulation was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In-vitro dissolution profile was compared with the marketed product. SDA comprising of febuxostat, neuslin and the three carriers in a ratio of 1:2:4 was considered as optimized formulation. FTIR spectroscopy revealed intermolecular hydrogen bonding with neusilin. DSC scan showed absence of melting peak of febuxostat, which indicates solubilization of drug in carriers and conversion of crystalline to amorphous form. This point was further confirmed by XRD. The percentage yield obtained was 90% and there was 10% increase in the dissolution rate of the optimized formulation compared to the marketed product. The dissolution efficiency was found to be 37%...
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