Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Present paper explores the preparation of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) loaded with the anticancer agent docetaxel trihydrate, with potential for targeted anticancer drug delivery. NLCs were prepared using Melt Emulsification Solvent Evaporation – Sonication method. The procedure adopted for preparation was optimized for obtaining NLCs with high entrapment efficiency for the drug and particle size in suitable range, using Quality by Design (QbD) approach employing Design-Expert® software. NLCs were prepared using solid lipids (stearylamine and glycerylmonostearate) and liquid lipids (tocopheryl acetate) with the aid of PhospholiponS100® as emulsifier and LutrolF68® as stabilizer. Independent variables selected were {total lipid to drug ratio} (A) and {solid lipids to liquid lipid ratio} (B). Total lipid to drug ratio (A) was fixed at four levels whereas solid lipid to liquid lipid ratio (B) was fixed at three levels. Optimization batches were prepared in duplicates and entrapment efficiency and mean particle size of each batch was estimated and data analyzed for statistical significance through ANOVA and by response surface and contour plots. The optimized...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
The present study was concerned with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Datura stramonium seeds and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The methanolic extract was prepared by using Soxhlet apparatus. The result of phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Datura stramonium seeds shows presence of various phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, tannins, saponins, carbohydrates and terpenoids. The methanolic extract reduced the concentration of DPPH free radical with an efficacy near to that of standard antioxidant Gallic acid, but less than BHT. The IC50 value for methanolic extract was 0.82mg/ml. The Nitric oxide activity of methanolic extract was also close to the Gallic acid. The IC50 value obtained for the methanolic extract was 0.70mg/ml. The antibacterial activity was detected by agar well diffusion method against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloceceus aureus. The zones of inhibitions obtained were recorded and analyzed against standard control of Ampicillin. The methanolic extract showed higher antibacterial activity of 24.0 mm against E.coli and least antibacterial activity of 13mm against P.aeruginosa. The...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
A respiratory tract infection (RTI) is defined as any infectious disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Acute respiratory tract infection accounts for 12-35% of the in patients attendance in general hospital. A six months hospital based prospective observational study was carried out in the department of medicine at BTGH, Gulbarga. The aim of the study was to analyse the prescribing patterns of antibiotic in respiratory tract infection at medicine department. The study result showed that out of 90 patients, more prevalent LRTI were 86(95.5%), URTI were 4(4.5%) The COPD, pneumonia, asthma were more prominent among LRTIs, whereas pharyngitis and tonsillitis are prominent among URTIs. Results showed that for 90 patients 107 antibiotics were prescribed, most widely used antibiotics were penicillins + betalactams (38.31%). In our study the prescribers are relying upon higher antibiotics, this practise may lead to the antibioic resistance and other complications of antibiotic resistance. Prescription analysis shows the way towards rational use of drugs. Irrational drug use could also lead to ineffective and unsafe...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Calcium accumulation and calcium overload in the intracellular organelles has been known to be the main reason for cellular abnormalities related to oxidative stress. The study deals with the effects of an important calcium channel blocker (CCB)amlodipine in countering the hypoxia induced oxidative stress, in vitro and in vivo. We examined the intracellular calcium changes along withReactive Oxygen Species(ROS), lipid peroxidation by malondialdehyde(MDA) and reduced glutathione levels(GSH). Amlodipine displayed its maximum efficacy in attenuating oxidative damage during hypoxic insult of 0.5% hypoxia for 24 hours at concentration of 12.5nM. Amlodipine was also found effective in controlling apoptosis by maintaining Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Cox-2 and VEGF levels significantly offering neuroprotective activity in N2a cells.In hypobaric hypoxia subjected (25,000 ft, 280mmHg and 28ᵒC for 24 h) Sprague Dawley (S/D) rats, intracellular calcium levels were found to be lowered significantly in amlodipine treated group (10mg kg-1 body weight) when compared to control group. Vascular leakage and brain water content were also found to be significantly decreased upon treatment with amlodipine compared to control...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Uvaria afzelii (UV) Sc Elliot (Annonaceae) locally is used in the treatment of kidney disorders, digestive problems, liver disorders, diabetes as well as gonorrhea. This study aims to investigate the possible hepatoprotective activities of the crude aqueous root extract of Uvaria afzelii against Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity with Silymarin being used as a reference standard. Twenty five (25) adult wistar rats were randomly assigned into a control group (A) and four treatment groups (B, C, D and E) each containing five rats (n=5/group). Animals in each group were allowed access to 200g/day growers’ mash and water ad libitum. Rats in the treatment groups were administered paracetamol orally at a dose of 800mg/kg body weight daily for fourteen days. Rats in group B were not pretreated while groups C, D and E rats were pretreated daily with 50mg/kg body weight of Silymarin, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weight of crude aqueous extract of UV root respectively. The animals were sacrificed on the 15th day of the experiment and several serum markers, aspartate amino...
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