Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
In this present study, the leaf extracts of Citrus hystrix were subjected to a comparative evaluation of preliminary phytochemical screening, membrane stabilizing activity, thrombolytic activity and In-vitro antioxidant activity. The thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities were assessed by using human erythrocyte and the results were compared with standard streptokinase (SK) and standard anti-inflammatory drug, acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), respectively. For thrombolytic activity and membrane stabilizing activity ethanolic leaf extract exhibited clot-lysis value of 13.69% against standard SK (37.43 %) and highest percentage of hemolytic value of 74.40% against standard ASA (93.24%) respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC), Total Phenolics Content, Total Flavonoids Content, Nitric oxide scavenging assay and total antioxidant capacity were done in the present study. In case of in-vitro antioxidant evaluation all extract forms showed a significant positive results. Phytochemical investigation suggested the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, steroids and...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
In the present work a simple, accurate and precise method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Perindopril Erbumine (PDE), Amlodipine Besylate (AMD)and in their combined dosage form by UV Spectrophotometric Methods. The Method A employs estimation of drugs by simultaneous equation method (SEM) using 298.3 nm and 231.9nm i.e. λmax values of PDE and AMD respectively. Method B employs the estimation of drugs by Absorption Correction method (ACM) at 250.4nm for PDE where absorbance of AMD is zero. Absorbance correction method was based on the property of additivity of absorbances. At 250nm, Perindopril erbumine showed some absorbance while Amlodipine besylate showed zero absorbance. The method involved measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths 250 and 231 nm. For estimation of AMD, corrected absorbance was calculated at 231 nm due to the interference of PDE at this wavelength. Calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficient between 0.999 over the concentration range of 10-150μg/mL and 0.5-10 μg/mL for PDE and AMD respectively. The percent recoveries of the drugs...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
As Atenolol is one of the first choice medications in the management of hypertension in Sudan, it was very important to carry out post authorization safety studies on some of the brands commercially available on the market. The pharmaceutical equivalence of three Atenolol 100 mg tablets was evaluated using official and non-official standards according to US Pharmacopoeia including weight variation, diameter, hardness, disintegration, and assay. Dissolution profiles were studied using three different buffer solutions: PH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 and evaluated using the similarity factor f2 to predict the likely in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence. The three brands complied with the requirements of the official tests of weight variation, hardness, disintegration, assay and dissolution. The two generics used in this study failed to qualify for biowaivers, as brand (A) did not qualify for the WHO criteria for biowaivers (both the test and reference products are very rapidly dissolving in the three media, ie to release ≥ 85 % in 15 min). The amount released in 15 minutes was less...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
The plant Piper chaba is an herbaceous and flowering plants. It is a tropical family of five genera and 500 species which are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. All the parts of this plant such as Stem, leaves and fruits has activated medicinal compounds. Stem and leaves were successively extracted with different organic purified solvent such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Evaporation of the solvents from the extract and other solutions were carried out on a rotary vacuum evaporator under reduced pressure of bath temperature which was not exceeding 40°C. The compound was dissolved in a minimum volume of a solvent in hot condition and was left undisturbed condition for crystallization. The melting point of the compound was determined as 126-127°C. The purity of the compounds were tested by analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC). Petroleum ether extract was chromatographed over silica gel column. A compound (PC-1) was isolated and purified which was finally characterized as piperine by various techniques coupled with IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
Angkak rice (red mold rice, red yeast rice, Chinese red rice) which is a product of solid fermentation was prepared from non glutinous rice (Oryza sativa L.). Five different angkak samples containing varied level of lovastatin, pravastatin and citrinin suspension at a dose of 1g/kg were administered to hyperlipidemic rats for 30 days. There was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (30.8%), total triglyceride (33.3%), high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (25.9% and 40.5% respectively) in angkak fed hyperlipidemic rats in comparison to untreated hyperlipidemic rats (p<0.05). No significant difference in serum total cholesterol, total triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum of hyperlipidemic rats treated with angkak 1 (lovastatin 3.410 mg/g, pravastatin 1.524 mg/g and citrinin 8.345 mg/g) and angkak 4 (lovastatin 3.331 mg/g, pravastatin 1.751 mg/g and citrinin 9.874 mg/g) in comparison to hyperlipidemic rats treated with standard lovastatin (10 mg/kg) was observed. Animals fed with angkak samples showed no significant difference in their serum creatinine kinase, serum creatinine level and liver enzymes in comparison...
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