Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
Adrenomedullin-2 or Intermedin (ADM2/IMD) is newly identified novel hormone belongs to peptide family like AM, calcitonin, CGRP, amylin and it is widely distributed in various tissues including ovaries, uterus & placenta. The aim of present study was to investigate the role endogenous ADM2 in fetoplacental development in pregnant rats during late gestation period through infusion of ADM2 antagonist. For this study we have infused ADM2 antagonist (ADM217-47) at 50 and 200 µg / rat / day exposed continuously by inserting osmotic mini pumps to pregnant wistar rats on gestational day 18 and were sacrificed on gestational day 22.The results showed that infusion of ADM2 antagonist significantly decreases (P<0.05) the total sac weight, fetoplacental weights, length of the fetus and also the serum progesterone & estrogen levels. High molecular DNA fragmentation was observed in ADM217-47 treated placental tissues and in immunohistopathological studies apoptotic cells (pyknosis & karyorrhexis cells) and active caspase-3 positive immunoreactivity cells were observed in labyrinth zone of placental tissues. In western blot analysis the levels of caspase-3...
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Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
One of our greatest challenges in improving nation’s economy is to reduce the dependence on imported petroleum products. To accomplish this, we need a variety of alternative fuels, which includes ethanol produced from cellulosic materials. Cellulose is a rich natural biopolymer on earth and most dominating agricultural waste. Apart from the fossil fuels, bioethanol is used as chief renewable energy source found on earth. Hence, we developed the structural molecular model of the endoglucanase III from Trichoderma reesei by homology modelling using Modeller 9v12. Based on sequence similarity with protein of known structure (PDB ID: 1H1N) was chosen from PDB by using protein BLAST. The models were evaluated by PROCHECK. Resulted Ramachandran plot analysis showed that conformations for 99% of amino acid residues are within the most favored regions. A possible active site was identified in the model using Sybyl6.7. The predicted model permits initial inferences about the unexplored 3D structure of the endoglucanase III and may promote in relational designing of molecules for structure-function...
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Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
The interaction of the antibiotic, tetracycline hydrochloride (TC.HCl) has been investigated employing three simple spectrophotometric and conductometric methods. In methods (A and B), a kinetic spectrophotometric procedure based on the oxidation of (TC.HCl) by Fe3+ ion in the presence of 1, 10 – Phenanthroline (o-phen) (A) and 2, 2′- Bipyridyl (bipy) (B) was developed. The formation of the ferroin complexes applying both methods was carefully optimized and their absorbance was measured at 509 and 520 nm respectively. The initial rate, rate-constant, fixed-time and fixed-concentration methods were adopted for constructing the calibration curves. In method (C), conductometric titration of (TC. HCl) with K3Fe(CN)6 was investigated. Mole ratio – molar conductance plots showed that a 1:1complex was formed. Methods (A and B) allowed the determination of (TC. HCl) in the range of 1.00–5.00 and1.25–10.00 µg/ml respectively, while method (C) was applicable over a wider concentration range0.2-20 mg/ml. The proposed procedures were successfully applied to determine the drug as per se and in its commercial dosage forms with no interference from adjuvants...
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Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
Itraconazole is an anti-fungal drug. It prevents growth of several types of fungi by preventing the fungi from producing the membranes that surround the fungal cells. It is active against fungal infections such as aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and candidiasis, as well as fungal infection localized to the toenails and fingernails (onychomycosis). The oral liquid is typically used in patients with oral thrush, especially AIDS, and in the prophylaxis of fungal infections in leukemia or after bone marrow transplantation. The present study is aimed to develop mucoadhesive buccal tablet containing itraconazole. Various approaches to combine hydrophilic (HPMC, chitosan) polymers have been made to prepare total six formulations. Further, these formulations were subjected to different evaluation studies like content uniformity, surface pH, friability, bio adhesiveness and dissolution tests. Results for in vitro drug release and bio adhesiveness studies suggest that the formulation (F5) containing chitosan (20%w/w) and HPMC (80%w/w) has shown better mucoadhesive property. Thus, the present investigation suggests the combination of HPMC and chitosan, as hydrophilic polymers for preparation of...
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Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
In present study to evaluate the mechanisms behind the antioxidant and neuro-protective potential of Orthosiphon staminus methanol bio active guided fraction (OMF) using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell culture model was carried out. In in-vitro studies, mechanisms of neutralization of H2O2 induced toxicity by OMF using MTT, LDH, ROS, MMP, MDA, Comet assay was performed. Regulation of anti-oxidant enzyme levels by western blot analysis and neuronal biomarker genes (BDNF, TH and AADC genes) at genetic level by quantitative RTPCR was performed. Cells pretreated with OMF effectively prevents the H2O2 induced anti cell proliferation (cell viability), oxidative stress, genotoxicity and significantly enhance (~ 6 fold, p < 0.01) the expression of antioxidant enzymes and increase in (~ 4 fold, p < 0.01) neuronal biomarker gene expression. Present study demonstrated that, significant neuro-protective activity of O. staminus methanol bioactive guided fraction against H2O2 induced oxidative stress by antioxidant mechanisms and enhancement of neuronal biomarker gene expression. This study validate its use by folk medicinal practitioners in India. Therefore, OMF of O. staminus...
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