Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections remain major public health problems among the most at risk population groups such as female commercial sex workers. Objective: To assess the magnitude of Hepatitis B Virus and HIV/AIDS and identify the associated factors among female commercial sex workers. Methodology: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study was conducted in Mekelle city. A total of 319 participants were selected using simple random sampling method. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version16.0. Bivariate logistic regression and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify risk factors and to control confounding factors for acquiring Hepatitis B virus and HIV. Result: Overall, the prevalence of HIV and HBV was 11.9% and 6%, respectively. The main factors associated with HIV include: age, educational status, having dependents, birth place, number of years in sex work, income, inconsistent condom use, history of condom breakage, having steady partner, sex during menses, history of genital ulcer, history of STI, alcohol consumption and sexual abuse (P<0.05). The major determinants of HBV were work place of sex...
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Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
In this study the neuroprotective activity extract hydroalcoholic of AO against behavioral and biochemical parameters induced by subcutaneous injection of rotenone was evaluated, important for the understanding of Parkinson´s disease, which is the most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement. Rotenone is a potent hydrophobic pesticide and a highly selective inhibitor of complex I in the electron transport chain. Anacardium occidentale (AO), popularly known as cashew, is a tropical tree native to north and northeast Brazil. Peduncles (pseudofruit) and nuts can be eaten raw or converted into various nutritional products (juice, tea, jam, and beverages). AO has been studied for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, molluscicides and antidiabetogenic activity. Behavior evaluations were performed using the models of open-field, rotarod, on horizontal bar and elevated T-maze. The in vivo antioxidant activity was evaluated in the substantia nigra (SN), cortex and striatal region by lipid peroxidation after behavioral tests. Systemic administration of rotenone produced hypolocomotion, muscle incoordination and memory deficit. AO administration (150 and 600 mg/kg, p.o.) improved rotenona induced dysfunctional behavior (locomotor,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
Hemidesmus indicus Linn. R. Br. is a twining shrub traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases and ailments in the rural area of Bangladesh. Different extracts (methanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) from the roots of this shrub tested for their antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and free radical scavenging activities. All extracts showed moderate free radical scavenging activity and SC50 values ranging from 24.98µg/mL to 93.14µg/mL, and sufficient potency for their brine shrimp lethality activity and IC50 values from 1.32µg/mL to 8.67µg/mL. The n-hexane extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against all tested organisms, with a zone inhibition ranging from 10 mm to 27 mm at the concentration of 400µg/disc. Bioassay guided fraction of the extracts has led to isolation of two triterpeniods, 3β-O-acetyl β-amyrin, lupeol 3- β -acetate and a phenolic compound, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods as well as comparison with available data in the...
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Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
Species of Geum L. genus (avens) of Rosaсeae L. family belong to perspective sources of medicinal plant raw material for obtaining medicines with the anti-microbic and anti-inflammatory action. They are characterized by such an important feature as the presence of biologically active substances, particularly the polyphenol compounds. According to the aim of present work, morphologic and anatomic investigation of leaves, stems, rhisomes with roots of Geum rivale L. of Rosaсeae L. family has been carried out. In order to obtain the data by scientific investigation, the morphologic and anatomic methods of analysis of medicinal plants have been used. In the process of our investigation the diagnostic features of vegetative organs have been determined. The results of morpho-anatomic features can be used in developing analytic and regulatory records intended for incorporation of the additional sources of medicinal herbal raw materials in the practical field. Research of anatomical structure of aboveground and underground parts of G. rivale L with the identification of diagnostic features may be needed during the development of the relevant sections of...
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Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of Metronidazole and Secnidazole drugs. The method depends on the reduction of Metronidazole and Secnidazole molecules with zinc dust and hydrochloric acid followed by diazotization and coupling with α-naphthylamine to give red colored chromogens easily measured spectrophotometrically at λmax = 510 nm or coupling with 2,5- dihydroxy benzoic acid at λmax = 518nm. The Sandell’s sensitivity, the molar absorptivity, correlation coefficient and the regression equation were calculated. Under optimized experimental conditions Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range 3-30 and 2-12 µg/ml for Secnidazole and Metronidazole; respectively with α-naphthyl amine as a coupling agent. Also, by using 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid as a coupling agent, the concentrations obtained were 5-50 µg/ml for both Secnidazole and Metronidazole. Both techniques were applied successfully for the analysis of Metronidazole and Secnidazole in tablets form. These methods are recommended for quality control and routine analysis where time, cost effectiveness and high specificity of analytical techniques are of great...
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