Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2014 in |
The study was aimed at developing mucoadhesive buccal tablet containing Carvedilol. The effect of two independent variables, Casein (X1) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC K4M) (X2) at three different levels (-1, 0, +1) on dependent variable including hardness (Y1), cumulative percentage drug release at 6 h (Y2) and 12 h (Y3) using 32 full factorial design. FTIR and DSC results showed no evidence of interaction between the drug and polymers. All physicochemical parameters were within permissible Pharmacopoeial limits. The concentrations of independent variables had profound effect on dependent variables. The hardness of the optimized formulation F3 was 5.43 kg/cm2, and the drug release was found to be 53.32% at the end of 6 hrs (Q6) and 95.16% at the end of 12 h (Q12). The optimized formulation followed zero-order release kinetics with non-fickian drug release mechanism. The study revealed that mucoadhesive buccal tablets could be successfully formulated using Casein and HPMC K4M using 32 full factorial design in the buccal delivery of Carvedilol. The result indicates that suitable innovative mucoadhesive...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2014 in |
Naturally obtained chitosan biopolymers are increasingly being formulated as bioadhesives due to their hemostatic properties. Comparative studies have been conducted to measure the hemostatic capacity of biodegradable 7% N,O-carboxymetylchitosan (NO-CMC) (with 0.45 mL collagen), 8% NO-CMC, oligo-chitosan (O-C) and oligo-chitosan 53 (O-C 53). Biodegradability (loss of mass) of these chitosans in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (0-30 days) and lysozyme (0-14 days) was measured. Blood coagulation ability was observed (0-15 minutes). Coagulation profiles were measured using Coagulation Analyzer. Blood morphologies were assessed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (Nikon Eclipse E200). Rapid weight loss was observed in PBS for all the chitosans until the 5th day, after which the weight remained constant. NO-CMCs were completely degraded by lysozyme by day 12 (p<0.05). Highly deacetylated chitosans (O-C) were observed to degrade slowly. Upon macroscopic observations, NO-CMC promoted erythrocyte aggregation within 7 min. Microscopic analysis showed 7% NO-CMC promoted the most platelet aggregation on its surface, approaching 90% coverage. The current findings contribute substantially to our understanding of all the tested...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2014 in |
Niosomes as a vesicular system are well documented for delivering drugs, in a controlled manner to enhance bioavailability and get better therapeutic effect over a longer period of time. Celecoxib is an NSAID, selective COX-2 inhibitor, which is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and acute pain. The present study dealt with the preparation and characterization of celecoxib niosomes. The selected niosomes was incorporated into gel as an effective transdermal formulation of celecoxib with the aim to improve skin permeability and sustained delivery of celecoxib. Celecoxib loaded niosomes were prepared by the thin-film hydration method using different proportions of Span 60 or 40, cholesterol with or without adding stearylamine and dicetyl phosphate as a positive and negative charge-inducing agent. The results showed that neutral niosomes gave the highest encapsulation efficiency, more than 90%. All formulations were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, vesicle size, and zeta potential. The vesicle size of celecoxib niosomes ranged from 132 to 826 nm. The in-vitro release studies revealed that most...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2014 in |
Aim of the present work is to develop a rapid, simple, precise, accurate and reproducible reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of Aspirin and Prasugrel in tablet dosage form. The estimation was carried out on a HIBAR (Lichrospher C-18) column with the dimensions of 250mm x 4.6mm, 5µm. Combination of Acetonitrile and 0.5% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (adjusted to pH-3 using orthophosphoric acid) in the ratio of 60: 40 was used as mobile phase. The flow rate is set at 1.0ml/min and eluents were monitored at 220 nm. Both drugs were properly resolved having run time of 3.3 min and 4.8 min for Aspirin and Prasugrel, respectively. The method was validated as a final verification of method development with respect to Precision, Linearity, Accuracy, Ruggedness and Robustness. Linearity for Aspirin and Prasugrel was in the range of 10-450μg/ml and 10-500μg/ml respectively. The mean recoveries obtained for Aspirin and Prasugrel were within the range of...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2014 in |
Developed originally as an antimalarial agent, the hydroxychloroquine sulfate (HCQ) is often used as a slow-acting anti-rheumatic drug in treating disorders of connective tissue. The methods of quantification of HCQ sulfate, despite the undeniable advantages, have certain limitations, such as high cost of operation and maintenance of equipment, sample processing and analysis of the results relatively complicated. However, the simplicity of the process and velocity of the spectrophotometry by absorption in the UV -Vis region corroborate the usefulness of this methodology. This work describes the application of QbD in the development, optimization, and validation of an analytical method by absorption spectrophotometry in the UV-Vis region for quantification of HCQ sulfate. The method was developed from the sample preparation used in the determination of HCQ in dosage form according to the methodology described by the USP 36. Then, the method optimization was performed using a factorial design 22. The validation was performed according to the instructions recommended by the RE No. 899/03 (ANVISA/BRAZIL). The novel method has the advantages of:...
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