Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Cabbage is an important vegetable crop of the Brassicaceae family consumed all over the world and regularly used in our day to day life. It contains potentially health-promoting flavonoid compounds such as quercetin. Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites that are synthesized via the shikimate pathway. In this study, extraction yield of quercetin from cabbage by application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was studied with three different methanol: water mixture ratios; 40:60, 60:40 and 80:20, (v/v) for 30, 40 and 60 min. Effect of ultrasound was observed, and the presence of methanol in the solvent also improved greatly the extraction process. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) has been an important tool for the separation of these metabolites in the last 4 decades. Quercetin contents of the samples were determined by HPLC method. It was determined that the most efficient application for extracting samples under sonication by 60:40 methanol/water (v/v) at 30 °C for a 40 min run (1378. 9...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Measurement of ultrasonic velocity in non-aqueous solution gives information about the behavior of solution such as molecular association and disassociation. The attraction and repulsion between the molecules of the components involved show considerable effect upon the physical and chemical properties of a solution such as density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity. The ultrasonic velocity data combined with density and viscosity provides the standard means for determining the acoustical parameters and internal pressure, free volume. The Specific acoustic impendence in solutions can be used as a tool to estimate the strength of intermolecular attraction. Internal pressure (πi) and free volume (Vf) are the transport properties, which are useful in understanding the intra and intermolecular interactions. Internal pressure gives an idea of the solubility characteristics. Sulphanilamide is a parent compound and also the potent antibiotic which is important in urinary tract infections and meningococcal meningitis profilaxes 1. Another sample Sulphadiazine is the Sulphonamide potent antibiotic, and it is a competitive inhibitor of the bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To investigate the anticancer potential of the extracts and the alkaloidal and nonalkaloidal fractions of Solanum jasminoides Paxt using in-vitro and in-vivo models. Method: The petroleum ether, methanol, and water extracts of the whole plant were prepared by successive soxhlet method. The methanol extract was treated with solvents to separate alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal fractions. All the samples were subjected to in-vitro anticancer studies using Vero, BRL-3, HEp-2, HeLa, MDCK, and A-549 cell lines. Based on the in-vitro results, the alkaloidal fraction was selected and subjected to in-vivo anticancer activity against DLA and EAC induced ascities in mice. Results: The results reveal that the extracts and the fractions show moderate to good in-vitro anticancer activity, and the alkaloidal fraction shows superior activity. In the in-vivo study, the alkaloidal fraction shows a dose dependent effect on changes in the body weight, mortality, and clinical symptoms induced by cancer cells. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the alkaloidal fraction of the plant possesses good, both in-vitro and in-vivo,...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To explore the effect of nimodipine on nociception and on opioid-induced antinociception in rats by using the tail-flick method. Method: Sixty albino rats were used for the study. The tail-flick method was used to induce nociception in rats. Analgesic effect of nimodipine was evaluated by using three graded doses (200 mcg/kg, 400 mcg/kg, and 800 mcg/kg). To study the effect of nimodipine on opioid-induced antinociception, nimodipine (400 mcg/kg) was administered in combination with sub-effective doses of fentanyl and pethidine. Drugs were administered by intraperitoneal route. Results: Nimodipine at doses 200 mcg/kg, 400 mcg/kg, and 800 mcg/kg alone showed no significant difference in reaction times after 30 and 60 min as compared to baseline and control group. Similarly, effective sub doses fentanyl 15 mcg/kg and pethidine 10 mg/kg produced a non-significant increase in reaction times after 30 and 60 min as compared to baseline and control group. But the combination of nimodipine 400 mcg/kg and fentanyl 15 mcg/kg and the combination of nimodipine 400 mcg/kg and pethidine 10 mg/kg...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
The present investigation is carried out for β-adrenoreceptor antagonistic activity of both derivatives by evaluating their effects on the isoprenaline-induced tachycardia and hypotension in rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6) based on the treatment given to them. Group 1 received saline (0.9 % NaCl) only, groups 2, 3 were treated using test drugs NS1 and NS2 (1 mg/kg, i.v.) and groups 4, 5 received standard drugs propranolol (2 mg/kg, i.v.) and atenolol (1 mg/kg, i.v.). After 15 minutes of injection of drugs, the isoprenaline was injected, and the change in mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded. Administration of isoprenaline alone (0.3, 1 and 3 µg/kg, i.v.) produced significant dose-dependent hypotension and tachycardia to the rats. Pretreatment with NS1 and NS2 produced significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively) inhibition of isoprenaline-induced hypotension on normal rats. However, isoprenaline-induced tachycardia was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by NS1 pretreatment only. Propranolol showed significant (p<0.01) inhibition of isoprenaline-induced tachycardia and hypotension, while atenolol was significant (p<0.01) effective against inhibition of hypotension only....
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