Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
The method of entrapment of the drug in the microcapsules structure prepared with different theoretical drug content (TDC) and having different particle size ranges were studied using x-ray diffraction and DSC analysis methods. Also, in the light of the analysis methods, a trial to correlate the actual microcapsule structure with the actual drug content (ADC) and the division mechanism suggested by the author was also studied. The results showed that the drug entrapped in more than one form in the microcapsule structure. At the first, the drug entrapped in the microcapsules structure as a solid solution form which is concluded as the result of disappearance of all characteristic peaks of the drug in both x-ray diffraction pattern and DSC. The amount of drug in solid solution form depends on the physico-chemical characters of the drug and the polymer. After that increasing TDC leads to increasing the amount of the drug crystal in the microcapsule structure. Between those two forms another minute form may be formed as a result of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
Non classical, High-speed, environmentally benign synthesis with microwaves has attracted researchers for organic synthesis a considerable amount of attention in recent years. An expeditious one pot microwave irradiation method for preparation of 2-azetidinones is developed. This method has been assessed as greener methodology. In our present study, series of five novel azetidinones are synthesised which involves the hydrazinolysis of 4- nitro ethyl benzoate with 99% hydrazine hydrate in ethanol in microwave oven to yield the hydrazides.Then hydrazides are condensed with different substituted aromaticaldehydes in DMSO in microwave to form respective Schiff base. Then formation of Schiff bases is followed by cyclisation with chloro acetyl chloride and triethyl amine in DMF to yield corresponding azetidinones. Structures of synthesised compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, Mass spectral analysis. The compounds are evaluated for their antimicrobial activities. The activities are due to cyclic carbonyl group in azetidinones. Some of the compounds have shown comparable antimicrobial activities against all the microbial...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
The antibacterial activities of water extracts of the three major parts of the date palm fruit were compared against Eschereshia coli; Klebsiella pneumonia; Salmonella enteritidis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus using the agar well diffusion method. Endocarp extract showed a wide range of activity against all Gram negative bacteria while it exhibited a low activity against Gram positive bacteria.The date tissue and endocarp didn’t show any activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae with a low or no activity against Pseudomonas aeruguinosa. Date tissue extract alone didn’t exhibit any activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruguinosa. All types of extract were active against Escherichia coli. A consistently lower susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumonia and P. aeruginosa indicated its capability for developing resistance against various antibacterial substances. Antibacterial activities displayed by all extracts especially the endocarp also signified their remarkable potential for exploration of effective natural antibacterial agents against common pathogenic...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
Four wild plant species (Chrysthanthemum cornarium, Capparis spinosa, Carthamus lanatus, Haplophyllum tuberculatum) were investigated for their antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of their methanolic extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was assessed their free radical scavenging properties using DPPH. Total phenolics and total flavonoids were detected by spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. The HPLC analysis compared with 14 reference standard phenolic compounds, results confirmed that gallic acid , chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 2,5- dihydroxy benzoic acid, and catechin were detected in the four methanolic plant extracts. HPLC chromatograms of the plant extracts showed that there was noticeable valuation in the distribution of phenolic compounds in the four studied species. Six bacterial strains were used in this study, three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative. Concerning with antimicrobial activity, results showed that plant extracts of the studied species are a great source of phenolic compounds and represent the highest antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Results revealed that extracts represents the highest antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and negative bacteria and...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
Many infectious diseases are known to be treated with herbal remedies throughout the history of mankind. Even today, plant materials continue to play a major role in primary health care as therapeutic remedies in many developing countries. Traditional system of medicine is found to have utilities as many accounts. Due to population rise adequate supply of drug and high cost of treatment in side effect along with drug resistance has been encountered in synthetic drugs, which has lead to an elevated emphasis for the use of plants to treat human diseases. A major part of the total population in developing countries still uses traditional folk medicine for different diseases obtained from plant resources. Due to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs, the emergency of human pathogenic microorganism’s resistance has been increased. According to WHO, as many as 80% of world’s population living in rural areas rely on herbal traditional medicines as their primary healthcare, the properties and uses of medicinal plants are interestingly growing. Thus, due to prevalence of...
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