Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of aqueous and methanolic extracts of plant Desmodium triflorum for potential antibacterial activity. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical analysis of Desmodium triflorum belonging to family Fabeacea was examined using aqueous and methanolic extracts. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of whole plant were investigated individually for antibacterial activity by agar disc diffusion method as well as by agar well diffusion method. Both the extracts were tested against selected species of Staphylococcus aureus (G+ve), Micrococcus luteus (G+ve), Bacillus pumilus (G+ve), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G-ve), Pseudomonas fluorescens (G-ve), Escheria coli (G-ve) to find the inhibitory activities of microbes at the dose level of 50 and 100 µg/ml. Result: The phytochemical analysis of aqueous and methanolic extracts confirmed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, tannins, saponins and flavonoids. Methanolic extract of Desmodium triflorum showed considerably high antibacterial activities against (G+ve) bacteria than aqueous extract. Conclusion: Although the active components were not isolated but antibacterial active plant principles such as flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins were observed in the extract. Methanolic extract of Desmodium...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Introduction: Mother to Child Transmission of HIV can occur during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding and it accounts for more than 90% of pediatric AIDS. Various studies indicate that the rate of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV is high among infants who were on mixed feeding. UNICEF UNAIDS and WHO recommended that, all women have the right to choose exclusive breastfeeding or exclusive replacement feeding. However, numerous contextual factors can influence mothers in their choices and decisions related to what and how they feed their infants. An understanding of factors that influence women’s adherence to the recommended infant feeding is critical in identifying ductile point’s intervention. Objective: The study aims to explore the experiences of infant feeding practices of HIV positive women who have used Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission service. Method: Qualitative data were collected by the principal investigator using semi structured in-depth interview from 12 HIV Positive mothers who use PMTCT service at the Tikur Anbassa hospital and was analyzed using principles of thematic content analysis....
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Recent findings from culture-dependent and culture independent methods have demonstrated that indigenous marine actinomycetes exist in the oceans and are widely distributed in different marine ecosystems. There is tremendous diversity and novelty among the marine actinomycetes present in marine environments. Progress has been made to isolate novel actinomycetes from samples collected at different marine environments and habitats. These marine actinomycetes produce different types of new secondary metabolites. Many of these metabolites possess biological activities and have the potential to be developed as therapeutic agents. Marine actinomycetes are a prolific but underexploited source for the discovery of novel secondary...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
The ethanolic extract of barks of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Family- Caesalpiniaceae) was evaluated for anti-diarrhoeal and analgesic activities in animal models. The crude ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima showed considerable anti-diarrhoeal activity on castor oil induced diarrhoea in mice and it increased mean latent period and decreased the frequency of defecation significantly (P<0.001) at the oral dose of 500 mg/kg body weight comparable to the standard drug Loperamide at the dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight. The extract of barks also produced significant (P<0.001) writhing inhibition in acetic acid induced writhing in mice at the oral dose of 500 mg/kg body weight where writhing inhibition for the extract of barks was 47.11%, which was comparable to the standard drug Diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2013 in |
Antibiotic resistance in pathogens is on the increase but in the past few decades this problem raised a deepening concern among scientific community in terms of the clinical management of infectious diseases. In this review, the common gram negative clinically significant pathogenic bacteria who have acquired resistance with passage of time like Shigella dysenteriae, Sh. Boydii, Sh. Flexneri, Listeria monocytogenes, Acinetobacter baumannii, acinetobacter, A. baumannii, Morganella morganii, Enterobacteriaceae, Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter braakii, or Citrobacter amalonaticus, P. stuartii, Providencia rettgeri, P. alcalifaciens, P. rustigianii, E. coli, Salmonella. paratyphi, S. typhi, Salmonella enterica, have been compiled with their plausible ways of causing resistance. We conclude from our literature review that resistance in gram negative bacteria is on the rise and new and advanced antibiotics need to be designed and...
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