Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Tinospora cordifolia (Giloe/Guduchi) belonging to the family menispermaceae, is a large extensively spreading glabrous, perennial deciduous twiner with succulent stems and papery bark. It is widely used in Ayurvedic system of medicine “Rasayanas” to the immune system and the body resistance against infections. In modern medicine, T. cordifolia is used for the treatment of general weakness, fever, dyspepsia, dysentery, gonorrhoea, urinary diseases, viral hepatitis and anaemia. The stems of different thickness (diameter) are being used by the pharmaceutical industries for preparation of various herbal formulations without having information about concentration of phytoconstituents. The present study was carried out with the objective to study the variation in phytoconstituents among T. cordifoila stems of varied thickness. T. cordifolia stem of varied diameter, collected from Seoni, Jabalpur and Chhindwara of Madhya Pradesh were analyzed for their phytoconstituents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavanoids, alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, carbohydrate and proteins. Quantitative analysis revealed that all the phytoconstituents increased with the increase in diameter of the stem except alkaloid content....
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Background: Atherogenic index of plasma, a newly emerging lipid parameter, has been employed only in a few studies of diabetics and not at all in hypothyroid type -2 diabetic young males with electrolytes imbalance. Methods: Association between diabetic hypothyroid and electrolytes with atherogenic index of plasma in 50 subjects and aged (25-45 years) matched healthy controlled were studied retrospectively. Glucose and lipid parameters were measured on fully automated analyzer using standard reagent kits. Serum TSH and serum Electrolytes were measured by TOSOH-AIA-360, immunoassay method and Easylyte Na/K analyzer, respectively. Results: On comparing the different parameters, a significant correlation (r=-0.38, p=0.005) between serum sodium and AIP was seen. Conclusions: Decrease sodium values and increased AIP values indicated the higher risk of CVD, in the type -2 diabetic hypothyroid young males, while there were no changed in serum potassium...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Flutrimazole is a wide spectrum antifungal drug. It is used for the topical treatment of superficial mycoses of the skin. Conventional topical products typically provide active ingredients in relatively high concentrations but with a short duration of action. Microsponge Systems are designed to allow a sustained rate of release of the active ingredients, offering a potential reduction in side effects while maintaining their therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to produce microsponges containing flutrimazole which were able to control the release of drug to the skin. Compatibility of drug with formulation components were established by Differential Scanning Colorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). Microsponges were prepared by using previously optimized emulsion solvent diffusion method. Shape and surface morphology were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Drug content, particle size analysis and loading yield were determined in the prepared microparticles. The micrograph revealed microporous nature of microsponges. It was shown that the drug: polymer ratio, stirring rate, volume of dispersed phase influenced the particle size...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
A simple, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of Phenylephrine hydrochloride, Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine hydrochloride in syrup formulation. This method is based on HPLC separation of the three drugs on Octadecyl Silane C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0μ), with isocratic conditions and mobile phase containing 0.01M Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate buffer [pH 3.0, adjusted with Ortho Phosphoric Acid and 1.1 gm of Octane sulfonic acid sodium salt]: Acetonitrile: Methanol (60:30:10) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, using UV detection at 230 nm. The retention time of Phenylephrine hydrochloride, Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine hydrochloride in syrup formulation were found to be around 3.47 min, 11.8 min and 32.6 min respectively. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness, robustness and solution stability as per ICH guidelines. The linearity of Phenylephrine hydrochloride, Ambroxol hydrochloride, Levocetirizine hydrochloride solutions ranged from 0.104 mg/ml to 0.303 mg/ml; 0.6 mg/ml to 1.804 mg/ml and 0.051 mg/ml to 0.150 mg/ml, respectively, equivalent to 50% to...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
A rapid, simple, sensitive and reproducible RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of conessine (bioactive steroidal alkaloid) in Holarrhena pubescens, a highly valued medicinal plant extensively used in pharmaceuticals. Separation was achieved on Discovery (R) RP Amide C16 Supelco column (250 µm x 4.6 µm ID) using a mobile phase of acetonitrile: water (95:5 v/v) with flow rate 0.6 ml / min detection at λ 210 nm. Assessments of six extraction techniques were also performed to evaluate the conessine content and further the efficiency of the extracts against bacterial strains was tested to address causative relationship between the both. The method was linear over a concentration range of 2.5-20 µg/ml (r2= 0.9991). Accuracy, precision and repeatability were all within the required limits. The mean recoveries measured at the three concentrations were higher than 98.8% with RSD<2%. Extract obtained from ultra-sonication method possessed highest conessine content (1.0647%) and inhibited most of the bacteria. The study confirms ultrasonic extraction to be an ideal method to obtain conessine enriched extract possessing...
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