Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
Lamivudine, a BCS Class I synthetic nucleoside analogue, has a a short biological half-life of 5–7 and is mainly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the study is to develop a controlled release floating tablets of lamivudine employing HPMC K4M and sodium alginate. The floating tablets of lamivudine were prepared employing HPMC K4M and sodium alginate as matrix formers and sodium bicarbonate as an effervescent agent. The tablets formulated were evaluated for tablet weight variation, drug content uniformity, hardness, friability, floating behaviour and in-vitro drug release. All the formulations fulfilled the official requirements for tablet weight variation, drug content uniformity, hardness and friability. Tablets formulated by using a combination of HPMC K4M/sodium alginate and HPMC K4M alone gave a lesser floating lag time when compared with tablet formulated with sodium alginate alone. All the tablets were found to remain buoyant in 0.1N HCl for a period >24h. The drug release from the prepared tablets was found to be diffusion controlled and followed first order kinetics. Non-Fickian...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
A substantial interest in rational design of novel transition metal complexes which bind and cleaves duplex DNA has been a motivation of the present investigation. This DNA adhesion of metal complex which targets bacterial DNA and cleaves it thereby results in an effective antibacterial agent. In the present work two series of metal diketonates were prepared by using diketones like acetyl acetone and benzoyl acetone. Metals like Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+ were used for complexation. Bacterial cultures Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal cultures Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger were used for screening anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities respectively. Anti-microbial screening was carried out by using Kirby-Bauer disc plate method .It was found that metal complexes of benzoyl acetone shown more anti-microbial action. The presence of aryl ring in the molecular structure seems to augment the antimicrobial activity of the compound. Further Cu (II), Ni (II), Co (II) complexes of ML2 stoichiometry were characterized by UV, IR, mass and 1H NMR...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
Objective: To assess incidence, causality, severity, predictability and preventability of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitalised oncology patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational, non-randomized, parallel sequence study was conducted at Dr B. Borooah Cancer Institute (BBCI) after getting an approval from human ethical committee. Patients hospitalised at BBCI from Aug 2010 to June 2011 were interviewed about symptoms related to their drug therapy. Patient medical records were also reviewed for data collection. Results: Total 663 patients associated with hospitalizations were interviewed. 899 ADRs were identified in total 410 (61.84%) patients detected with ADRs. Most of all ADRs were moderate, predictable and not preventable. The most common ADRs were leucopenia, weakness, anorexia, alopecia, vomiting, diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal pain, fatigue, and anaemia in this study. Conclusions: For definite conclusion study should be repeated. Strict drug analyzing and in vivo study is also required if feasible. Key message: The process of defining and concluding about ADRs should be continuous and ongoing to keep a record of newly marketed drugs and medicinal...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
In this study, an attempt was made to assess the physicochemical equivalence of four brands of Erythromycin stearate tablets marketed in Addis Ababa. Identity, weight uniformity, disintegration, dissolution and assay for the content of active ingredients were evaluated using the methods described in the British Pharmacopoeia 2007. All the samples passed the identity, disintegration, and dissolution tests but Erythromycin stearate (Produced in Sudan by General Medicines Company) failed to release 80% of the drug content within 45 minutes. It also failed to fulfill the tolerance limits for assay stipulated in the pharmacopoeia. This product therefore does not comply with the BP 2007 dissolution and Assay tolerance limits. This work revealed that the four products included in the study complied with the physicochemical quality parameters except Erythromycin stearate which failed to meet the pharmacopoeial specification for dissolution test and...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
Aim and Objectives: Fruit juice of Lagenaria siceraria (LS) belonging to Cucurbitaceae family, has been used traditionally to treat jaundice and to cure certain liver disorders. Antioxidants are well known for their hepatoprotective effect and in curing liver disorders. In this study, hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of fruits were investigated. Materials and Methods: The coarsely powdered plant material was extracted successively with petroleum ether (PE) and ethanol (ETH) using soxhlet. PE & ETH, were then evaluated for their hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity and different in vitro assays respectively. Hepatoprotective activity was evaluated at three oral dose levels of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Results: Both extracts, PE and ETH exhibited a significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity. The ETH (1000 mg/kg) showed maximum hepato-protection. ETH also showed better antioxidant activity, in comparison to PE, in all the antioxidant assays. Conclusions: ETH has shown better hepatoprotective activity than PE, which could be due to its better antioxidant activity. Moreover, better activity can also be attributed to the...
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