Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2013 in |
The different fractions of crude methanolic extract of stem of Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers was evaluated for antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities. The various fractions of S. japonica Stem i.e. Ethyl Acetate (EAJS), CHCl3 (CFJS), CCl4 (CTJS) and Petroleum ether (PEJS) were subjected to free radical scavenging activity. In this investigation, CFJS showed the most significant free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 119.0µg/ml for S. japonica stem. Cytotoxic activity was investigated by brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay. The LC50 value of sample CTJS (Carbon Tetrachloride fraction of S. japonica Stem), was 3.0µg/ml is highly most significant. Antibacterial activity was tested by disk diffusion method. The Carbon Tetrachloride soluble fraction showed good antibacterial activity against different species of bacteria at different doses. The Ethyl Acetate soluble fraction shows good activity only against E. coli at different...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2013 in |
Adenia lobata Engl (Passifloraceae) is a woody climber which grows in most African countries mainly the coastal belt. It is an important medicinal plant used to treat haemorrhoids, malaria, fever, diabetes and gonorrhea. In our attempt to find out the constituents of this medicinal plant, the dried stem powder of A. lobata was successively extracted by Soxhlet with petroleum ether and 70% ethanol to obtain the crude petroleum ether (PEAL: yield =1.1w/w %) and ethanol (EEAL: yield = 5.4 w/w %) extracts. The antihyperglycaemic activity of PEAL and EEAL were determined in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (70 mg/kg body weight). The ethanol extract was most active and was subjected to chromatographic separation to isolate its chemical constituents. The isolated compounds were identified using NMR spectroscopic namely 1H, 13C NMR, COSY, HSQC and HMBC Spectroscopy with reference to literature. Two compounds isolated from the extract were found to be, palmitic acid and g-hydroxy-d-valerolactone. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time these compounds are reported from this medicinal...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2013 in |
Objective: The study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of pharmaceutical care on the control of clinical parameters, such as fasting glycaemia and glycosylated haemoglobin also to assess drug therapy problems in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Setting: the study was conducted at Diabetic Center in Sulaimany/Iraq, during 18 September 2010 -20 January 2011. Methods: A prospective and randomized control trial study was conducted with 130 type 2 diabetes patients with glycosylated haemoglobin of higher than 7.0%, they were divided into two groups: (i) pharmaceutical care (intervention) group (n=65), and (ii) the control group (n=65). They were monitored for 3 consecutive visits. Patients in the control group received usual medical care, but patients in the intervention group received both standard medical care and pharmaceutical care. Results: At the end of the study, a statistically significant reduction was observed in the glycemic levels of patients in the intervention group whilst a small reduction, which is statistically not significant, was detected in the control group. Furthermore, the follow-up of the...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2013 in |
The different fractions of crude methanol extract of stem of Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers (Menispermaceae) was screened for its analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities. The different fractions of crude extract produced significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid induced writhing in mice at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. When tested for its antidiarrhoeal effects on castor oil induced diarrhea in mice, it increased mean latent period and decreased the frequency of defecation significantly at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight comparable to the standard drug loperamide at the dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight. The overall results suggest the analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities of the different fractions of crude extract. Among all the fractions Ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed most significant analgesic activity and Petroleum ether soluble fraction showed the most significant antidiarrhoeal...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2013 in |
A new, simple, precise, rapid, accurate and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed for the determination of Entacapone in presence of its degradation products or other pharmaceutical excipients. Stress studies were performed on Entacapone tablets and it was found that it degrades sufficiently in acidic, alkaline and oxidation conditions, while negligible degradation was observed in thermal, photolytic and humidity conditions. The peaks of the degradation products were not observed in the chromatogram due to the nonchromophoric nature of the degradation moiety formed. The separations were carried out on a Hypersil BDS C8, 150 mm x 4.6 mm 5µm particle size column with a mobile phase consisting of Acetonitrile: 0.01% Orthophosphoric acid pH 2.5 at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Detection wavelength was 210nm. The retention time of Entacapone was 7.0minutes. The developed method was validated in terms of specificity, forced degradation, linearity, precision, intermediate precision (ruggedness), accuracy, range and robustness. The calibration curve for Entacapone was linear (correlation coefficient 0.99995) from range of 50µg/ml to 150µg/ml. Relative standard...
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