Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
A new, selective and sensitive visible spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Ketorolac tromethamine in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the reaction of ketorolac tromethamine with 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-1, 4-benzquinone (DDQ) to form red color charge–transfer complex with a λmax. 460nm extracted in methanol. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 50 to 250µg/ml for the method. The method is extended to pharmaceutical formulations and there was no interference from any common pharmaceutical excipients and diluents. The result of analysis has been validated statistically and by recovery...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
The main cause of increasing of infectious diseases cases is due to multidrug-resistant microorganisms emergence, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, responsible for most of hospital-acquired infections and millions deaths related. Despite development of new antibiotics, control of these microorganisms is not always successful. Several plant extracts have demonstrated antimicrobial effects and may be used as an alternative therapy for these infections. Aiming to evaluate antibacterial activity of extracts from Eleutherine plicata (marupazinho), Geissospermum vellosii (pau-pereira) and Portulaca pilosa (amor crescido) against multidrug-resistant bacteria, samples of Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDR P. aeruginosa) isolated from human clinical processes were tested. The antibacterial activity was determined by disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by microdilution method. Extracts and fractions were tested at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.2 and 16.2 µg/mL dissolved in DMSO 10%. E. plicata and G. vellossi have shown activity against ORSA at MIC of 125 µg/L, whilst P. pilosa have shown action on MDR P. aeruginosa at MIC of...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which reduces gastric acid secretion through inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cells. By inhibiting the functioning of this enzyme, the drug prevents formation of gastric acid. Esomeprazole is combined with the antibiotics, clarithromycin and amoxicillin (or metronidazole in penicillin-hypersensitive patients) in the 7-14 day eradication triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori. Infection by H. pylori is the causative factor in the majority of peptic and duodenal ulcers. Common side effects of Esomeprazole include headache, diarrhea, nausea, gas, decreased appetite, constipation, dry mouth, and abdominal pain. More severe side effects are severe allergic reactions, chest pain, dark urine, fast heartbeat, fever, paresthesia, persistent sore throat, severe stomach pain, unusual bruising or bleeding, unusual tiredness, and yellowing of the eyes or skin. Proton pump inhibitors may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and Clostridium difficile– associated diarrhea. Patients are frequently administered the drugs in intensive care as a protective measure against ulcers, but this use is also associated with a 30% increase...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
The antibacterial and antifungal activity of methanolic extract of Asteracantha longifolia Nees has been evaluated against 4 Gram positive bacteria, 7 Gram negative bacteria and 7 fungi. Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole used as standards for bacteria and fungi, respectively. The extract showed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition ranging from 15.0 to 26.0 mm. A. longifolia demonstrated significant zone of inhibition against all experimental bacteria, namely, B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. paratyphi, S. typhi, Sh. dysenteriae, Sh. Sonnei and V. cholerae and four fungi, namely, A. niger, B. dermatitidis, Microsporum spp. and Trichophyton spp. The MICs of the plant extract was found to be 31.25 μg/ml against B. cereus, S. typhi, Sh. Sonnei, V. cholerae, A. niger and B. dermatitidis. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the LC50 and LC90 of A. longifolia were found to be 6.1 & 12.2 μg/ml,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Dental plaque, biofilms of microorganisms on tooth surface, plays an important role in the development of caries and periodontal disease. Our aim was to check the prevalence of bacteria in dental plaque and to test in vitro antibacterial activity of antibiotics and pomrgranate extracts against dental plaque bacteria. Doxycycline and clindamycin showed highest range of antibacterial activity against the dental plaque bacteria. Ethanolic extract of pomegranate seeds was compared with petroleum ether seed extract. Both extract of Punica granatum had equal antibacterial activity except Staphylococcus sp. We recommend more studies to demonstrate practical approaches of using natural materials on the oral...
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