Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
Carboxymethyl chitosan, a water soluble modified carboxymethyl substituted chitosan derivative have distinct and unique properties, rendering them effective to form selective permeable mucoadhesive film or membranes. In the formulation of chitosan microsphere an acidic environment is essentially required that may degrade acid sensitive moiety, peptide or protein drugs. Mucoadhesive microparticle of carboxymethyl chitosan was designed and developed for site specific sustained release of Pantoprazole sodium. Thus prolong the residence time at the absorption site by intimate contact with the mucus layer thereby increase bioavailability, reduce the frequency of dose administration and also prolong the drug release. The mucoadhesive microparticles were prepared by Orifice ionic gelation method using carboxymethyl chitosan in combination with Carbopol 934 and HPMC K15. Entrapment efficiency was in the range of 42.4 to 84.6 %. SEM studies revealed that microparticles were discrete, spherical and free flowing. Microparticle exhibited good mucoadhesive property in the in vitro wash off test and found that Carbopol 934 had greater mucoadhesive strength than that of HPMC K15. A sustained release of...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
The present study deals with investigating the effect of chitosan nano particles as carriers for an anticancer drug curcumin. The chitosan-curcumin nanocapsules were prepared in the presence and absence of gold nanoparticles via solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was done to characterize the drug entrapped nanocapsules. The average diameter of gold nanoparticles was found to be in the range of 18-20 nm and size of the nanocapsules was found to be in the range of 200-250 nm. Fourier transform-infrared analysis revealed no possible interactions among the constituents with the chitosan nanoparticles. The controlled drug release of anticancer drug entrapped nanocapsules was carried out in 0.1M HCl and 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7). Experimental studies revealed that curcumin encapsulated chitosan with gold nanoparticles was controlled and steady when compared with curcumin encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles. Application of in vitro drug release date to various kinetic equations indicated higuchi matrix model indicating uniform distribution of curcumin in the...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
Privatizations of health care have changed the functioning and demand of health care system. As today’s competitive environment leaves no scope for error, we need to delight our patients, look for new ways to exceed their expectations on continuous basis, with a focus on improvement in technical skills, human skills and to develop cost effective methodologies. To meet challenges, implementation of six sigma is the utmost solution. The concept is still in its nascent stage in Indian health care system. Six sigma is a scientific concept, provides measurement of every activity in the hospital by using various statistical tools. Alternatively delay in discharge of patients was a chronic problem among Indian Hospitals. Good discharge management is vital to ensure patient satisfaction; bed availability for emergency and elective admissions; and quality of patient care remains high. This paper attempts to study six sigma aspects in the discharge process of a corporate...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
Gastric residence time of oral controlled release system such as microspheres is increase by different techniques such as floating and mucoadhesive system. The objective of present investigation was to formulate floating microspheres of Nateglinide in order to increase gastric residence time, increased bioavailability and to reduce dose frequency of drug molecule. Novel o/w emulsion solvent diffusion technique was used to prepare microspheres of Nateglinide by using various polymers such as HPMC, Ethyl cellulose and Eudragit S100. Entrapment efficiency of drug was upto 69%. Eudragit S100 based microspheres which were found to be hollow cavity, spherical and porous nature from the results of scanning electron microscopy. Micromeritic profile of prepared microballoons was found satisfactory. From the results of FTIR spectroscopy it was reveal that there is no drug- polymer interaction. Eudragit S100 based microspheres shows good in vitro buoyancy and sustained release profile for longer period of time > 14 hours. The formulation had followed first order kinetics as its release mechanism was diffusion...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
The objective of the study was to examine the influence of two variables, concentration of the matrixing agent and diluent on the release of diclofenac sodium from hydrophobic matrix tablets. A 32 full factorial design was employed to optimize drug release profile. Concentration of the hydrophobic matrixing agent (X1) and type of diluent (X2) were taken as independent variables. The dependent variables selected were percentage drug release at 3h, 6h, 9h, time required for 50% drug release and zero order rate constant. Matrix tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation and in vitro drug release. Polynomial equations and response surface plots were generated for all dependent variables. It was observed that all the factors had significant contribution on all dependent...
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