Posted by admin on May 1, 2012 in |
The MeOH extract of leaves of Polyalthia suberosa Roxb. (Annonaceae) was screened for its antibacterial, analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities. The extract showed moderate anti-bacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae, Sheigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus saprophyticus. It also produced significant (P<0.01) writhing inhibition in acetic acid induced writhing in mice at dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg, which was comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium. Moreover, when tested for its antidiarrhoeal effects on castor oil induced diarrhea in mice, it decreased the frequency of defecation and increased mean latent period significantly (P<0.01) at the dose of 500 mg/kg comparable to the standard drug loperamide. The extract also exhibited high level of cytotoxicity in brine shrimp lethality bioassay (LC50: 30 µg/ml). The overall results tend to suggest the antibacterial, analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities of the...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2012 in |
The methanolic extract of roots of Quercus infectoria Olivier at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight respectively was tested for anti-diabetic activity in Alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rats. The blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 2h, 4h and 6h after the treatment. The methanolic extract reduced the blood glucose Alloxan- induced diabetic rats from 285.52 to 206.57mg/dl, 6h after oral administration of extract (P<0.01). The antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Quercus infectoria Olivierwas compared with glibenclamide, an oral hypoglycaemic agent...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2012 in |
Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy is a tree that belongs to the secondary vegetation in rainforests. This study aimed to perform anatomy analysis by light microscopy; scanning and microchemistry of the leaves of V. guianensis. Tri stratified upper epidermis with intense cutinization and unistratified inferior epidermis was observed. The stomata found are paracytic and the trichomes arranged in rosettes are glandular, multicellular, stellate shape covered with cuticle, which were present on the abaxial surface. Parenchyma cells with idioblasts containing druses of calcium oxalate crystals were also found. The mesophyll is dorsiventral and the midrib is concave on the adaxial surface and convex on the opposite surface. The microchemical tests detected the presence of starch grains in the chlorophyll cells and phenolic compounds dispersed in the palisade tissue and abaxial surface. Alkaloids in the epidermis and in the sclerenchyma cells surrounding the vascular bundles and the midrib xylem, dispersed flavonoid in the palisade parenchyma and trichomes, fatty substances as content of the secretory ducts and reducing sugars in the palisade and...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2012 in |
The present study was designed to investigate the antidiarrhoeal, nitric oxide scavenging and total tannin content from the ethanolic extract of the bark of Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou (Family: Rhizophoraceae). The ethanol extract at graded doses (200 & 400 mg/kg body weight) was investigated for antidiarrhoeal activity in term of reduction in the rate of defecation and consistency of faeces in castor oil induced diarrhoea. At the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, the extract showed a significant anti-diarrhoeal activity showing 61.57% reduction in diarrhoea (P<0.05) comparable to that of standard drug loperamide 68.55%. Two complementary test systems, namely nitric oxide scavenging and total tannin contents were used for screening antioxidant activities. The ethanol extract showed maximum scavenging activity of 67.42 ±0.83% at 100 µg/ml, where as ascorbic acid at the same concentration exhibited 81.13±0.74% inhibition. The IC50 value for ethanolic extract was found fairly significant (63.59 μg/ml) while compared to the IC50 value of the reference standard ascorbic acid (36.81 μg/ml). The total tannin content was also...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2012 in |
Background: Gouania longipetala Hemsl. (Rhamnaceae), has ethnomedicinal use in the treatment of wounds, gonorrhoea, abdominal pain, lumbago, ophthalmia, conjunctivitis, and rickets. However, no scientific investigation of these effects has been established. Our aim was to verify the antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the stem of Gouania longipetala. Methods: The antibacterial effect of the 70% ethanolic extract was studied using the agar well diffusion and micro dilution assays. The extract was also tested in vitro for its free radical scavenging effect, total antioxidant capacity and total phenol content. The extract activity in acute inflammation was assessed using the carrageenan-induced foot oedema in chicks. Results: The 70% ethanollic extract showed antibacterial effect against the test organisms with the lowest MIC of 125 µg/mL against Bacillus subtilis NCTC 10073. The total antioxidant capacity was 0.80 mg/g ascorbic acid equivalent. The extract demonstrated free radical scavenging activity yielding IC50 value of 0.004 mg/mL. In the total phenol content assay, tannic acid equivalent was 52.02mg/g and correlated highly with its total antioxidant capacity....
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