Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
The objective of the study is to evaluate the individual and combined effects of hydroxy propyl β cyclodextrin (HPβCD), surfactant (Poloxamer 407) on the solubility and dissolution rate of nimesulide, a BCS class II drug in a series of 22 factorial experiments. The solubility of nimesulide in four selected fluids containing HPβCD and Poloxamer 407 as per a 22 factorial study was determined. HPβCD alone gave a marginal increase (1.47 fold) in the solubility of nimesulide. Whereas Poloxamer 407 alone and combination of HPβCD and Poloxamer 407 gave a significantly higher enhancement in the solubility of nimesulide, 2.5 and 6.52 fold respectively. Solid inclusion complexes of nimesulide- HPβCD were prepared with and without Poloxamer 407 by kneading method as per a 22-factorial design. Both the individual and combined effects of HPβCD and Poloxamer 407 on the solubility, dissolution rate and dissolution efficiency (DE30) of nimesulide were highly significant (P < 0.01). HPβCD and Poloxamer 407 alone gave 13.17 and 5.20 fold increase in the dissolution rate of nimesulide. Combination...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Aceclofenac, a non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drug, with poor solubility and bioavailability was taken as candidate for enhancement of in vitro dissolution and in vivo bioavailability. Development of Aceclofenac orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) using lyophilization technique was adopted. The ODTs were prepared by freeze-drying an aqueous dispersion of Aceclofenac, matrix former, filler (sugar alcohol), and an anti-collapse. The tablets were evaluated compendial (uniformity of weight, uniformity of content, friability, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro dissolution), together with wetting time, in vivo disintegration time, moisture analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The compendial results showed that lyophilized ODTs disintegrated within few seconds and showed significantly faster dissolution rate of Aceclofenac in comparison with commercially available immediate release tablet Aceclofenac tablet (Bristaflam®). In vivo evaluation for the best chosen Aceclofenac ODT formulation (LA#10) was done for determination of the drug pharmacokinetics in comparison with the immediate release tablet Aceclofenac tablet (Bristaflam® 100 mg). A randomized crossover design was adopted in the comparative bioavailability study done on four healthy volunteers. Statistical analysis...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Atherosclerosis involves disturbances in endothelium and the resultant cascade of inflammatory reactions involving generation of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g (PPAR-g) receptors are more expressed during atherosclerosis process and its stimulation results in inhibition of formation of atherosclerotic plaque. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) stimulates GSH (glutathione) formation and thus helps in scavenging ROS. Thus, the purpose of present study is to explore the role of PPAR-g agonist (pioglitazone) and N-acetylcysteine in atherosclerosis. Endothelial injury in hyper-lipidemic rat was produced in the femoral artery. The effect of chronic treatment of pioglitazone, N-acetylcysteine and their combination was evaluated by measuring serum HDL, LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol and lesion index. Pioglitazone and N-acetylcysteine treated rats showed higher levels of HDL and lower levels of LDL, triglycerides and total cholesterol as compared to model control animals (diet + endothelial injury model). Combination of both pioglitazone and N-acetylcysteine produced synergistic action with respect to lipid level. N-acetylcysteine treated animals showed high GSH levels in the liver. Femoral artery lesion index was significantly less in...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Screening is important in investigating antimicrobial activities of bacteria in a quest to discover new antimicrobials. Various protocols are readily available and employed by researchers worldwide studying microbiostatic and microbicidal activities of bacterial. This research therefore aims at evaluating available protocols and suggesting a standardized model. For the purpose of these research, antimicrobial ability of Aeromonas spp isolated from estuary was investigated using agar well diffusion method, deferred method and agar disc diffusion method respectively. Result obtained reveals that five isolates were positive to antimicrobial production among fifteen bacteria screened. Result was depended on the protocol utilized. Agar well diffusion produced a visible result when compared to others. Next to this was agar disc method. Deferred method involving both cross streaking and spot on lawn could not produce result as of swarming nature of the positive isolates tested. Based on our results, protocols utilized were grouped into preliminary screening test (PST) and confirmatory tests (CT) respectively. Preliminary screening protocol (PST) consists of deferred method – perpendicular cross streaking and...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Phytochemical investigations of tuber extracts and evaluation of the hydro-distilled essential oil, obtained from Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae Family) growing wild in Isfahan Province (Iran) were studied. Phytochemical surveys revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and essential oils. Chemical composition of dried tubers essential oil was also analyzed by GC/MS. Sixty natural compounds consisting 95.8% of the total components were identified from the essential oil obtained with a yield of 0.2% (w/w). Sesquiterpene compounds have been found to occur in largest amount in the oil. Among the oil constituents, cyperene (16.9%), caryophyllene oxide (8.9%), α-longipinane (8.4%) and β-selinene (6.6%) were the major...
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