Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
A new, novel promising technology for obtaining controlled release and enhancing the bioavailability is a combination of mucoadhesion principle and microencapsulation to result in mucoadhesive microcapsules. Mucoadhesive microcapsules consist of either entirely of a mucoadhesive polymer or having an outer coating enclosing the drug particles. They facilitate an intimate and prolonged contact with the absorption surface to provide controlled release and enhanced bioavailability of the contained drug over longer period of time to prolong its therapeutic action. The objective of the present work is to prepare HPMC based mucoadhesive microcapsules of diclofenac and to evaluate the microcapsules for mucoadhesiveness and controlled drug release characteristics. Spherical HPMC-alginate mucoadhesive micro- capsules of diclofenac could be prepared by the orifice – ionic gelation method. Microencapsulation efficiency was in the range 98.7 % – 103.5 %. Drug release from the HPMC – alginate microcapsules was slow and spread over a period of 12 h and depended on core: coat ratio and wall thickness of the microcapsules. Drug release mechanism from these microcapsules was...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
Naproxen sodium is an analgesic NSAID (non steroidal anti inflammatory drug) used for the treatment of pain, inflammation, fever and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis, gout, migraine and dysmenorrhea. However, the gastric discomfort caused by drug results in poor patient compliance associated with its conventional dosage forms. Hence the present investigation was undertaken with a view to develop orodispersible tablet of naproxen sodium, which offers quick onset of action of drug and minimizes the problem of gastric discomfort associated with it. Thus improves patient compliance, generates rapid response, enhances bio-availability and also reduces the dose of drug. In this study, orodispersible tablets were prepared by direct compression method using three different superdisintegrants e.g. sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium and crospovidone in three different concentrations e.g. 3%, 5% and 7% along with other excipients. The tablets were evaluated and the results compared for all three superdisintegrants revealed crosspovidone to be the most efficacious superdisintegrant to formulate orodispersible tablet of naproxen sodium as suggested by...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
Spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the assay of trazodone hydrochloride (TRH) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. These method based on the formation of chloroform soluble ion-association complexes of TRH with bromphenol blue (BPB) and with chlorophenol red (CPR) in buffer of pH 2.0 (for BPB) and buffer of pH of 4 (for CPR) with absorption maximum at 420 nm and at 410 nm for BPB and CPR, respectively. Reaction conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum color intensity. The absorbance was found to increase linearly with increase in concentration of TRH, which was corroborated by the calculated correlation coefficient values (0.9996, 0.9945). The systems obeyed Beer’s law in the range of 0.2-14.5 and 0.2-14.1m g/ml for (BPB) and (CPR), respectively. Various analytical parameters have been evaluated and the results have been validated by statistical data. No interference was observed from common excipients present in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed methods are simple, accurate and suitable for quality control...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
Mimusops elengi Linn. (Family: Sapotaceae) is a tree which is traditionally used against a number of diseases including ulcers, headache, dental diseases, wound and fever. In the present study crude methanolic extract of Mimusops elengi Linn. leaf was investigated for possible antioxidant, analgesic and cytotoxic activity. The extract exhibited statistically significant antioxidant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging and Nitric oxide scavenging test. The analgesic activity of the sample was studied using acetic acid induced writhing of white albino mice and hot plate test. The extract produced 45.61% and 63.85% (P<0.001) writhing inhibition at the doses of 250mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight respectively which is comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium was found to be 76.69% at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight. In hot plate test the extract exerted significant (P<0.001) prolongation in the response of latency time to the heat stimulus. The cytotoxic activity of the extract was assessed by brine shrimp lethality bioassay as an indicator of toxicity in which LC50= 80μg/ml and...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
The Plant Flacourtia jangomas have shown considerable antibacterial and cytotoxicity properties. The extracts were found to have different levels of cytotoxicity properties in different concentration. The crude extract of the plant Flacourtia jangomas was subjected to in vitro microbiological screening for studying anti-microbial activity of the extract against a wide of Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacteria by disc diffusion method. The result so obtained was compared with that of a standard antibiotic, Amoxicillin. The extract shows good activity against Shigella shiga and Bacillus megaterium and moderate activity against Bacillus cerus and poor activity against E. coli. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of the plant extract investigated was 31.25 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml for Bacillus megaterium and E. coli respectively. For Cytotoxicity, brine shrimp lethality bioassay was used. We used Vincristine sulfate as a standard reference. The LC50 value of standard was 12.58...
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