Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
Parkinson’s disease has been a challenging neurodegenerative disorder for researchers and clinicians alike for decades. Though L-dopa has changed the management of PD to a considerable extent, effective solutions remain elusive since L-dopa, after a few years, partly loses its efficacy and develops dyskinesias as a complication, incapacitating the patient. Also, existing PD animal models using MPTP, rotenone, paraquet, etc cause significant suffering to the animals and also require a minimum of 22–25 days for induction. Hence, a better PD animal model was conceived considering the synergistic oxidative stress lipids, and rotenone induce on striatal neurons. The experiment compared the existing rotenone induction with combined rotenone and high-fat diet induction, carefully watching for motor and behavioural symptoms of PD in the Wistar rats in addition to measuring the biochemical profiles for toxicity, strictly following the ARRIVE guidelines for animal research. This study found that using HFD+Rot for induction not only shortened the duration of induction to a mean of 14 days but also reduced the suffering by reducing the...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
A series of novel (Z)-3-((5-(2-((E)-arylidene) hydrazine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylthiazol-2-yl)amino)-2-cyano-3-(methylthio) acrylate 4a-t molecules have been synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMRand mass spectral analysis. Starting from ethyl 2-amino-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate 1 was reacted with hydrazine hydrate to obtain carbohydrazide molecule 2. Furthermore, reaction of molecule 2 with various aldehyde and the adduct 3a-t formed was reacted with ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-bis(methylthio) acrylate to get novel thiazole derivatives 4a-t, furthermore it was reacted with lithium hydroxide to form acid containing novel thiazole molecule 5a. The significant features of this reaction procedure are novel, easy and less time consuming with analytically pure product...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
The whole plant of Biophytum reinwardtii (Zucc.) Klotzsch (BR) and Biophytum veldkampii A.E.S. Khan & et al. (BV) were evaluated for their antioxidant activities, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC). The plants were successfully extracted with varying polarity solvents like pet ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Phytochemical evaluation of various extracts revealed the occurrence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, tannins, and flavonoids. The TPC was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and indicated that the maximum amount was present in ethyl acetate extract of BV (61.06 mg of GA/g of extract) followed by BR (60.08 mg of GA/g of extract). The TFC was highest in the ethyl acetate extract of BV (106.67 66 mg of RU/g of extract), followed by BR (96.66 mg of RU/g of extract). In in-vitro studies, ethyl acetate extract showed maximum activity. For BR, the IC50 value of DPPH radical, Nitric oxide radical, ABTS radical, Superoxide radical, and Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity was found to be 48.95, 60.72, 54.85, 58.53, and...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
Urolithiasis, also called kidney stone, was caused by a missense mutation in the adenine phosphoribosyl transferase enzyme encoded by the APRT gene. This gene was present in human chromosome 16. In this paper, a comparative study of the effectiveness of six ligands reported in Synadenium grantii was analyzed by docking approach. For this purpose, the effective six ligands that were present in Synedenium grantii were selected, downloaded, and docked with APRT. The interactions of these ligands with APRT were analyzed by docking by using Autodock vina. The selected six ligands were phorbol ester, terpene, flavonoid, tannin, coumarin, and anthraquinone. All these ligands have anti-urolithiatic activity and are used to treat urolithiasis. A docking study by AutoDock vina reveals the interacting amino acid residues that have not been reported yet. Based on interactions of different ligands with APRT, our analysis shows that flavonoid was most effective, followed by terpene, phorbol ester, tannin and coumarin. The results show that anthraquinone was the least effective. The docking study performed by Autodock vina...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
The main objective of the current study was to see whether SG peel methanolic extract had antidiabetic and hepatoprotective results in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally to rats to trigger diabetes. When rats had an elevated blood sugar level three days after acquiring streptozotocin, it was determined that they were diabetic. Diabetic rats were given pre-determined doses of a methanolic extract of SG. Our experimental study took 28 days to complete. Rats were fasted overnight for an oral glucose tolerance test, and antioxidant parameters were measured. Rats were euthanized after 28 days to perform histopathological tests. One of the three doses of methanolic extract of SG peels (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) showed nearly identical findings to Glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg). After administering sponge gourd peel extract doses, blood glucose levels were found to be depleted. The positive impact on HOMA-IR and HOMA- β, plasma insulin levels, glycated haemoglobin, and several other variables. Furthermore, antioxidant parameters, including GLUT2 and SGLT1, significantly improved in diabetic rats. Finally, in Streptozotocin-induced...
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