Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
Background: Numerous methods have been used to induce myocardial ischemia (MI) in Experimental animals. MI induction using chemicals like isoproterenol in animal models is a simple and standardized method with fewer complications. Various doses of Isoproterenol were used extensively as an inducing agent. Aim: The present research aimed to evaluate the effect of Isoproterenol on the heart and lungs of male Wistar albino rats at different doses. Methods: Wistar albino rats were categorized as five groups with six animals each and administered with ISO for two days. Serum and histopathological studies were done. Results: Biochemical alterations and Microscopic features of the tissues showed pathological changes such as focal areas of inflammation, edema and vacuolar changes, and necrosis according to the dose administered, confirming myocardial injury and related necrotic lesions. Conclusion: These findings provide an idea and support fixing the dose for the inducing agent ISO for further cardioprotective...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
Batch cultures of two cyanobacterial species i.e., Nostoc commune and Anabaena variabilis were used to evaluate the impact of UV-B radiation on growth, photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, proline content, protein content as well as on the enzymes nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase. The essential targets of UV-B radiation are the photosynthetic apparatus, photosynthetic pigments, and the excitation energy transfer. The UV-B radiation adversely inhibited the growth and photosynthetic pigments in both cyanobacterial strains. The content of Malondialdehyde increased by two-fold in both cyanobacterial species upon prolonged UV-B exposure. Protein content showed varied responses in both cyanobacterial species on UV-B exposure. Anabaena variabilis showed a decrease in protein content, whereas in Nostoc commune protein content elevates with an increase in UV-B exposure duration. With the increase in the duration of UV-B exposure up to 72 hrs the proline content in both species of cyanobacteria increased. Following the different duration of UV-B exposure in the following species, the in-vivo Nitrate reductase activity increased while in-vivo Glutamine synthetase activity decreased, although the...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
Spilanthes acmella plant has been used for various purposes in traditional medicine since time immemorial. The present study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of ethyl acetate extract of Spilanthes acmella in Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals. The leaves and flowers of this plant were used for this study, and the experiment was carried out in albino rats. The ethyl acetate extract at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight was evaluated by inducing hepatotoxicity with paracetamol at a dose of 2g/kg body weight and using Silymarin 100mg/kg as the standard reference drug. The hepatoprotective activity was monitored biochemically by estimating serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, Total Protein, and Total and direct bilirubin. The extract exhibited significant (p<0.05) hepatoprotection in a dose-dependent manner in paracetamol-intoxicated albino rats. The hepatoprotective effects of the extract were comparable to the Standard drug, Silymarin, therefore suggesting further in-depth...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
The present study aims to develop and characterize colon-targeted mesalamine microsponges for treating inflammatory bowel disease, requiring long-term therapy. Mesalamine microsponges were prepared with different ratios of eudragit S100, by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method and evaluated. The drug release from in-vitro dissolution for all the prepared microsponges was extended to 12 hrs and above, and release kinetics followed a biphasic pattern with Higuchi non-fiction diffusion predominantly. SEM images clearly showed drug entrapment effectively in the microsponges based on the % yield, entrapment efficiency, drug content, and complete drug release (12-15 hrs). Microsponges prepared with a drug-to-polymer ratio of 5:1 (ES5) were considered suitable formulations. Microsponges were equivalent to a dose of 500 mg and were compressed into core tablets by direct compression. All the tableting parameters complied with the official compendia test for tablets as per IP. As the compression of the microsponges did not alter the release, tablets were further subjected to compression coating with cellulose acetate phthalate for colon targeting. From in vitro dissolution studies, drug release...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
The rapid rate of mutation of the RNA genome of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the emergence of viral variants, leading to the enhanced survivability of the virus. Hence, searching for new drugs that can restrict new viral infections by interacting with wild-type and mutated viral proteins is important. However, new drug development’s economic and time-constraining nature makes ‘drug repurposing’ a more viable solution to address the problem. In this work, we conducted a computational study to screen 23 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) interactions with 5 major viral proteins of SARS-CoV-2 that are mainly involved in host infection. Our in-silico results establish a database that shows that different NSAID ligands interact with the different viral proteins with good binding affinities. Stabilizing point mutations were introduced within the conserved amino acids involved in ligand-protein interactions. Redocking the NSAID ligands with these mutated viral proteins showed that the NSAID ligands could bind with the mutated and wild-type viral proteins with comparable binding affinities. We conclude that...
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