Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2010 in |
Comparative Pharmacognostical studies of Anisomeles Linn. R. Br. species (Lamiaceae) in India are carried out. These species are Anisomeles indica L. Kuntze (Syn. A. Ovata R. Br.) and Anisomeles malabarica L. R. Br. Ex Sims, which are highly found in throughout south (Deccan plateau) and northeastern India. The study conducted with the aim of drawing the Pharmacognostical standards for differentiate the species. Macroscopical and microscopical characters, physio-chemical constants, quantitative microscopy parameters, extractive values, fluorescence analysis of extracts, its reaction after treatment with chemical reagents under visible light and UV light carried out. Preliminary phytochemical screening and TLC fingerprint on the various extracts from aerial part of Anisomeles species was also studied. According to the anatomical comparison between two species, the pith structure, sclerenchyma ring of the stems, the cuticle thickness of the leaves, and stomatal distribution on the leaves are the distinguishing features of the species. The determination of these characters will help future researchers in their Phytochemical as well as Pharmacological analysis of this...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2010 in |
The present study was aimed at evaluating the antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract of fruits of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Moraceae) in alloxan induced type- II diabetes in rats. The diabetic rats were administered aqueous fruit extract (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o., n = 6) or vehicle (gum acacia solution) or standard drug glibenclamide (0.25 mg/kg) for 15 days. Blood samples were collected by retro-orbital puncture and were analyzed for serum glucose on 0, 5, 10 and 15th day by using glucose oxidase-peroxidase reactive strips and a glucometer. In oral glucose tolerance test, glucose (2gm/kg, p.o.) was administered to nondiabetic control, glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and extract treated rats. The serum glucose levels were analyzed at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min after drug administration. The effect of the extract on body weight of the diabetic rats was also observed. The serum insulin level and lipid profile were estimated. The extract showed significant reduction (p<0.05) of fasting blood glucose level in alloxan induced type- II diabetic rats on 10th and 15th...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2010 in |
The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of the leaves of the Bauhinia racemosa L. In the current study, the aqueous and methanol extract of leaves of B. racemosa L. was tested against standard bacterial and fungal cultures. In vitro antimicrobial test was performed by agar well diffusion method on Mueller hinton agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar for bacterial and fungal cultures respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration test was performed by modified agar well diffusion method. Methanol extract showed significantly higher inhibitory effect compared to aqueous extract on tested organisms. The methanol extract showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity as it inhibited Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). Both extracts showed maximum relative percentage inhibition against A. niger. MIC values for methanol extract varied from 1.5-25 mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis of crude methanol and aqueous extract suggested the presence of protein, oil and fats, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins tannins and carbohydrates...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2010 in |
The present communication deals with the laboratory studies carried out to determine the antihelmintic activity of Cymbopogon citratus leaves extracts against Pheritima posthuma. Methanolic and aqueous extracts were used as test solutions. Piperazine citrate was used as standard drug and normal saline as a control. Study involved the determination of time of paralysis as well as time of death of worms. The results revealed that methanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus leaves have better antihelmintic activity than the aqueous extract of the same. Further studies including preparation of emulsion from the oils obtained from the leaves were also carried...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2010 in |
Sphaeranthus indicus Linn (Asteraceae) is a common annual spreading herb found in rice field throughout India. Six crude extracts were prepared from the whole plant Sphaeranthus indicus using different solvents by cold maceration process. The extracts were subjected to screening to detect potential antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B. substillus, P. Gentamycin and Nystatin as standard by cup plate agar diffusion method. The aim of our present study was to find out the antimicrobial activity of the different extracts of entire part including flower heads of Sphaeranthus indicus. The different extracts such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and aqueous extract exhibits comparable antimicrobial activity with the...
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