Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
Introduction: Scapulae bear a shallow articular concave fossa commonly known as glenoid cavity that accommodates the head of the humerus to form a shoulder joint. The size and shape of glenoid fossa is highly variable; hence, knowledge about morphological measurements is invariably essential for surgery and artificial prosthesis pertaining to shoulder joint pathology. Aim: Glenoid fossa morphometry to study its various shapes and diameters in dry human scapulae. Materials and Methods: Dry bone scapulae were obtained from the bone room of the post-graduate department of Anatomy S.C.B Medical College Cuttack. Ninety-seven samples were studied, out of which 45 belonged to the right side and 52 left sides. All the measurements were carried out by verniers caliper for the height of glenoid fossa (A =A1+ A2) and breadth (B = B1+B2). A Goniometer measured the glenoidal version. Observation: The oval shape was the most common glenoid fossa observed, amounting 42(43.3%). The mean value for length with Standard Deviation was 31.5±3.16 millimeters and the mean and standard deviation Breadth was 21.99±2.76...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
The objective of this study is to investigate the protective effect of aqueous bark extract of Terminalia arjuna (TA) on high-fat diet-induced cardiovascular changes in Wistar rats using histological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analysis. Group 1- without treatment served as control, group 2- High fat diet (HFD) received corn oil orally at a dose of 10 mL/kg, group 3 – HFD+atorvastatin (ATV) – 10 mg/kg, group 4 – HFD+TA125 mg/kg , and group 5- HFD+TA250 mg/kg, 6 days a week for 5 weeks. The activity of MMP-9 was measured in blood, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was analyzed with heart tissue and TNF-α immunohistochemistry and ADIPOQ gene expression analysis were conducted using heart tissue. When Compared to the control group, the HFD group showed higher levels of MMP-9 activity and morphological changes in heart histology. TNF-α expression was also significantly increased in HFD group and down-regulation of ADIPOQ gene expression levels. MMP-9 activity and pathological damage to cardiac tissue including ADIPOQ gene expression were significantly reverted when T. arjuna bark...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
Begonia cucullata Willd. (Begoniaceae) is a native medicinal species from Paraguay popularly used to combat stomatitis, pharyngitis, respiratory ailments in children, and inflammatory conditions among others. The limited literature did not report these plants as having analgesic, anti-inflammatory, or antimicrobial properties. This work aims to determine the acute toxicity, general behavior, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities in mice and antimicrobial activity in-vitro of crude extract of B. cucullata (CEBc). Experimental induced-pain models (Randall-Selitto, Writhing, and Hot plate test) were used for the study of analgesia in mice. Likewise, carrageenan-induced paw edema was used to evaluate the anti-edematous activity of CEBc. CEBc is safe, well-tolerated, and without behavioral effects in mice and is devoid of antibacterial activity. Using the Randall-Selitto method, oral doses of CEBc denoted a significant increment in the pain threshold up to 260 %. Also, in the writhing test, the number of abdominal contortions was significantly decreased up to 68% by CEBc in a dose-dependent manner in comparison to the control group. Likewise, oral administration of CEBc in...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
Micronutrients are essential nutritional elements that assist the body in synthesizing enzymes, coenzymes, prosthetic groups, hormones, and other compounds important for living beings’ progress and expansion. Trace elements are one of the important part of micronutrients. Trace elements have an important impact on human health and have a wide range of metabolic properties and performance, although these elements constitute a small part of the biological tissues. Immune modulation by humoral and cellular mechanisms, nerve conduction, muscular contractions, membrane potential regulation and mitochondrial functioning and enzyme responses are just a few of the activities that trace elements perform in tissue, cellular and subcellular processes. In type 2 diabetes, selenium, chromium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sodium, manganese, cobalt, iodine and iron levels appear to be low, iron and vanadium deficient, whereas potassium and copper levels remain unaffected. Numerous different micronutrients, such as zinc, iron, copper and selenium, are now required by the complicated, interconnected immune system that plays significant, often complementary roles at each and every stage of the immune response. This...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
The present research aims to synthesize novel 5, 6-dihydro-3-(substituted phenyl) [1, 2, 4] triazolo (3, 4-b) [1, 3, 4] thiadiazine-7-one derivatives and their physiochemical evaluation for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Novel synthetic schemes were designed to synthesize compounds (1-6), which were then characterized using physicochemical and spectroscopic methods (IR, 1HNMR). In-vitro antimicrobial activity was performed against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillius subtilis), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacterial strains and fungal strains (Aspergilus niger, Candida albicans) of all synthesized compounds. In addition, Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and Minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were determined using tube dilution methods using standards such as norfloxacin and fluconazole. The free radical scavenging activity was also assessed using the DPPH assay, with vitamin C serving as a reference molecule. Compound 3 was discovered to have the best antibacterial activity (IC50– 80.27) of all the compounds, while the rest compounds showed modest scavenging...
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