Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2021 in |
Periodontitis is a common infection occurring among a wide range of population globally. Streptococcus mutans is found to be the predominant pathogen responsible for dental caries. The present study concentrates on isolation and identification of the predominant pathogen from patients suffering from dental caries. The isolates were grown on various selective and differential media. Biochemical tests were performed to identify the pathogen. Further antibiogram assay was done to determine the sensitivity and resistance of the pathogen to several drugs. Aqueous, methanolic, and chloroform extracts of Azadirachta indica were prepared. The anti-bacterial efficacy and MIC of the extracts were evaluated. Samples were collected from 5 patients suffering from dental caries. From the morphological and biochemical observations, all the predominant isolates were found to be Streptococcus mutans. The isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, Gentamycin, and Methicillin. Resistance was observed for erythromycin, Penicilin, Vancomycin, Rifampicin, and cephalothin. Methanolic extracts (15 mm) showed higher inhibitory zones than the water (13 mm) and chloroform (11 mm). The MIC of the aqueous extract...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2021 in |
The purpose of the present study was to examine the influences of roasting and the effects of roasting temperature and duration on the chemical composition of cinnamon bark oil and to extend our knowledge concerning the changes in antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, physical properties such as colour, refractive index, density and contents of cinnamaldehyde and other components of cinnamon bark oil. Roasted Cinnamon barks were extracted using (40-60 ºC b.p) petroleum ether. Roasting increased the oil content of the cinnamon bark significantly (P<0.05). Maximum oil yield was observed at 100°c for 10 min (10.78 ± 0.03). Analysis of the extracted aromatic oils demonstrated a significant increase in antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, antimicrobial activity, density and also a significant decrease in refractive index and colour values for roasting periods of 10 to 30 min. An increase in the amounts of cinnamaldehyde of the roasted cinnamon bark oils was also found at 1800c for 10 min. However, during roasting 8-Allyl-8-methyl-3-Oxabicyclo [4.2.0] Oct-5-ene was generated. The results obtained lead to conclude...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2021 in |
Jatropha gossypiifolia Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) is an ornamental shrub extensively used in traditional medicine for various ailments. In view of its potential medicinal properties, an attempt has been undertaken to devise an efficient protocol for in-vitro propagation from the internodes explants of J. gossypiifolia for a rapid and large-scale production as well as to study the phytochemical composition by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Further, the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of callus tissue were subjected to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) as well as for synthesizing silver and gold nanoparticles. The five bands resolved by TLC chromatogram were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and screened for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Internode region of the one-year-old plant was used as explants. Internodal explants are cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) both at a concentration of 1.0 mg/L-1 induced the formation of callus between 14-18 days. This combination produced mature cream-colored calli by day 35. Explants growing on...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2021 in |
The efficacy of alcoholic Cassia fistula leaves extract on the tegument of Fasciola gigantic was studied by light microscopy. Live liver fluke Fasciola gigantica parasites were collected from the infected liver and bile duct of freshly slaughtered domestic goat (Capra hircus) at the local zoo abattoir in Udaipur. Liver flukes F. gigantica were maintained in 0.9% physiological saline and divided into three groups. The first group of the parasite was untreated used as control liver fluke, the Second group of parasites was treated with synthetic drug albendazole and the third group of parasites was given in-vitro treatments with alcoholic extracts of C. fistula leaves. The control and in-vitro treated F. gigantica with the alcoholic C. fistula leaves extract, and flukicide drug albendazole were fixed in Bouin’s fixative for histological study. The present studies revealed that the alcoholic extract of C. fistula leaves was an effect on the tegument of parasite; showed abounded cuticular disruption, detachments, discontinuous, babblings, damage in tegument and in parenchymal cell and the complete breakdown of...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2021 in |
In present study, Himalayan weed Sonchus oleraceus extracts are screened for the occurrence of bioactive compounds, anti-microbial activity, and its molecular characterization using RAPD. The agar well diffusion method was used to detect anti-microbial activity of aqueous, methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of S. oleraceus. The anti-microbial activity of different extract was checked at different concentrations i.e. at 150mg/ml, 200mg/ml, 250mg/ml and 300mg/ml against five bacteria namely Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The anti-microbial activity of the different extracts of S. oleraceus was associated with the concentration. In phytochemical screening alkaloids, flavonoids, protein, carbohydrates, tannins, phenol, terpenoids and saponins were confirm in different extracts. The primers OPA-1, OPA-9, OPA-16, TC-1 and TC-3 were used in molecular characterization using RAPD against 14 samples collected from five districts namely Kangra, Una, Bilaspur, Hamirpur and Solan of Himachal Pradesh. Cluster analysis revealed that isolates H1 and H3, H2 and S2, U1 and U2 were showing maximum homology. In comparison to all the isolates, isolate K1...
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