Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
The dry ginger rhizome was extracted with ethyl acetate, and gingerol content was enriched by liquid-liquid extraction. The extract was analyzed for the percentage of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol by HPLC. The acute toxicity was evaluated as per OECD guidelines 423. Ginger extract was fed at 2000 mg/kg body weight to overnight fasted female rats (8-10 weeks old; 160-180 g). The animals were observed daily for clinical signs of abnormality/mortality. After 14 days, animals were sacrificed, and gross pathological changes were recorded. Sub-acute toxicity of ginger extract was studied by feeding the extract at 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg daily to rats as per OECD guidelines 407. The total gingerols content in the purified viscous extract was 36-43%. The finished formulation of ginger extract used for the toxicity studies had 8% total gingerols. In the acute toxicity study, no mortality or clinical signs of toxicity were observed at a maximum recommended dose level of 2000 mg/kg; therefore, the LD50 is >2000 mg/kg in rats. The repeated administration of...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
The present study aimed to determine the phytochemical components of the leaf extracts of A. malabarica, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and GC-MS analysis. The leaves extracts have folklore and traditional applications in India. The polar and non-polar solvents extracts such as methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane and water were used for various phytochemical analysis proved the existence of flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, 3terpenoids, tannins and alkaloids. Similarly, five different extracts of A. malabarica were tested for the antibacterial activities against five human pathogens. The present results revealed that, the different solvent extracts showed maximum zone of inhibition against all the tested strains. The plant extract was highly effective against E. coli and E. aerogenes. In addition, the extracts noted promising GC-MS analysis showed the presence of bioactive...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
Blood parameters (Hb%, TLC, TLC, ESR, PCV, MCV and MCH) of the catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.) were investigated, exposed to different concentrations of lead [Group- A (control), (Group- B (0.5ppm), Group- C (1.0ppm) and Group- D (3.0 ppm)] during different time intervals (7, 14, 21 and 28 days). Haemoglobin values fell to the maximum (11.5%) from its control value (13.0%). TEC values were also reduced (2.90×106/Cumm) during the maximum exposure period (28 days) in groups C and D. On the other hand, TLC increased to the maximum (21,900/Cumm) during 28 days exposure period at 3.00 ppm of lead. ESR values also indicated significant increase (3.10mm/h) at 1.00 ppm of lead during 28 days exposure period. PCV decreased to the maximum (29%) at maximum exposure period (28 days) at intermediate concentration (1.00ppm of lead). MCH increased in all treated groups, but a maximum rise of 40.34pg was recorded at 1.00ppm of lead during 28 days exposure period. Maximum reduction in MCV (100.0µ3) was observed after 28 days exposure period at...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
Objective: The current study has been conducted to analyze the potential of antioxidant activity found in two species of genus Urtica, i.e., Urtica dioica and Urtica urens. Methodology: The antioxidant analysis was performed on the crude extract of root, stem and leaves of both the plants, employing both non-enzymatic and enzymatic methods. For non-enzymatic antioxidant activity determination, methods such as 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and Ferrous Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) were opted, whereas for enzymatic analysis, the specific activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase assay was examined. Results and Conclusion: The antioxidant activity found via DPPH assay in U. urens ranges from 32.72±0.22 μg/ml to 43.06±1.12 μg/ml and in U. dioica it ranges from 14.28±0.22 μg/ml to 30.88±0.278 μg/ml, while by using FRAP assay the antioxidant activity range found to be 10.412±2.235 μg/ml to 14.005±2.55 μg/ml and 1.526±0.146 μg/ml to 8.014±1.38 μg/ml in U. urens and U. dioica, respectively. The specific activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were exhibited in a range of...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
Traditional systems of medicine emphasize the importance of life-style, including dietary habits, for maintaining holistic health. Ayurveda recommends the use of fruits and vegetables in our diet for maintaining mental health. Chenopodium album is one such popular green vegetable. This plant is rich in phenolic compounds – compounds that are valued for their antioxidant activity and potential for management of CNS disorders. In this study, n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and aqueous extracts of C. album leaves were prepared and standardized on the basis of total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant potential (DPPH assay). In-vivo antidepressant activity of chloroform and methanol extracts was evaluated using Forced Swim Test (FST) and Open Field Test (OFT) models in mice. The bioactive methanol extract was fractionated into n-hexane, ethylacetate, and remaining aqueous fractions, followed by standardization and in-vivo evaluation of fractions. EAF had highest TPC (121.16 ± 9.31 mg GAE/g), TFC (55.42 ± 8.12 mg QE/g) and antioxidant potential (42.67 ± 2.25 µg/mL). EAF (40 mg/kg) showed significant antidepressant action without impairing...
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