Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Introduction: Simvastatin is one of the cholesterol-reducing agents, in the class of statins which is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. It was categorized in biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class II drug, which has low solubility in aqueous media. It is a white-to-off white crystalline and non-hygroscopic powder, insoluble in water, but soluble in methanol, chloroform, and ethanol. Characterization test as FTIR spectroscopy was important to identify the identity of tablets. Tablets properties were evaluated by various physicochemical parameters including dissolution test to examine the equivalence and quality of different marketed brands of Simvastatin. They should comply with the specified pharmacopoeia limit for each test. Objectives: Objective of this study was to analyze the identity and evaluate the quality control parameters of different brands of Simvastatin with the specified pharmacopoeia limit. Method: Different brands of Simvastatin 20 mg tablets were collected by purchasing from local pharmacies in Malaysia. Physicochemical parameters such as weight variation, thickness and diameter measurement were performed. Besides, characterization test using FTIR...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Aim & Background: Silicosis is a prevalent occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS), leading to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis and restrictive lung disease. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of a combination of methanolic extracts from Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root and Citrus limon (lemon) leaf (CMEGC) against silica-induced silicosis in Wistar rats, leveraging their known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: The experimental protocol involved dividing rats into six groups, including a control group, a silicosis model group, a Pirfenidone-treated group, and groups treated with the combined extracts at two different dosages (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg). Silicosis was induced through aerosol inhalation of SiO2. Various parameters, including body weight, hematological markers, pulmonary edema, TNF-α levels, oxidative stress markers, and lung collagen content, were assessed to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments. Results & Conclusion: Results indicated that the combined extracts significantly improved body weight and reduced pulmonary edema, TNF-α levels and oxidative stress markers compared to the silicosis model group. Histopathological analysis confirmed reduced lung...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Introduction: Phoenix Sylvestris (L.) Roxb also known as date palm or Indian sugar palm, belongs to the Arecaceae family. In our present study, we used the fruit part (epicarp, endocarp). The fruit is very delicious in taste worldwide. It’s flavonoid part is reported with quercetin but its quantification has not yet been reported. Aim: The study aimed to carried out the Quantitative estimation of quercetin from Phoenix sylvestris using a validated HPTLC method. Method: The chromatographic analysis was carried out with the solvent system toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (5:4:1, v/v/v) to confirm the presence of quercetin. The HPTLC method was validated by using aluminium-backed silica gel plates with the same solvent system. Quantitative estimation was done by AUC plot. Results: Total Flavonoid Content of the methanolic extract of Phoenix sylvestris is 0.79 mg QE/g. The HPTLC method was good, accurate and specific. The methanolic extract was found to possess 1.07mg/100g of quercetin. Conclusion: This study discussed the validated HPTLC method which is simple, accurate and sensitive tool for...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Introduction: The goal of BTS (Blood Transfusion Service) is to provide safe and quality blood and blood products to needy patients. In developing and underdeveloped countries, there exists a gap between the demands and supply of blood products. Since 100% voluntary blood donation is not achieved, we rely on replacement donors also. Hence this study was attempted to assess the seroprevalence of TTI (transfusion-transmitted infection) in blood donors and to compare the seroreactivity rate between voluntary and replacement donors. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was done on the blood donors over the period of 4 years from January 2020 to December 2023 in a tertiary care hospital. Donor samples were screened for the five mandatory TTIs, viz., HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), HBV (hepatitis B virus), HCV (hepatitis C virus), syphilis, and malaria. Results: A declining trend in HBV was evident from 2020 to 2023. Prevalence of syphilis was highest in 2022. No marked change noted with HIV and HCV. The TTI rate in non-remunerated voluntary blood donors (NRVBD)...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
This study investigates the diagnostic utility of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values in evaluating intracranial lesions. A cross-sectional analysis of 44 patients was conducted, examining age and gender distribution, histopathological types, and grades of brain tumors. The highest proportion of individuals (22.7%) was within the 0-10 age range, with males comprising 56.8% of the sample. The study focused on supratentorial and infratentorial lesions, categorized by WHO grades, highlighting that Grade IV lesions were most common in both regions. High-grade tumors (WHO Grade III and IV) demonstrated lower ADC values, indicating restricted diffusion, while non-neoplastic conditions such as arachnoid and epidermoid cysts exhibited higher ADC values, reflecting increased diffusion. The presence of perilesional edema was more frequent in higher-grade tumors, underscoring their aggressive behavior and impact on surrounding brain tissue. Diffusion restrictions were significant in Grade IV lesions, with both partial and complete restrictions observed. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an Area under the Curve (AUC) of 0.70, indicating that DWI possesses...
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