Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2024 in |
Objectives: The Indian government has revised the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) of India after seven long years in 2022. The objective of this study was to compare and analyse changes in the essential medicines listed in 2015 and 2022. We have also compared the listing of antibiotics in NLEM 2022 to those in the 23rd World Health Organization (WHO) Model list 2023. Materials and Methods: NLEM of 2015 and 2022 were accessed from the official website of Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO). Parameters assessed were number of medicines in NLEMs 2015 and 2022, therapeutic category-wise additions and deletions in 2022, Fixed dose combinations (FDCs) included in NLEM 2022, Antibiotics in NLEM 2022 as per the WHO Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification. Results: 384 medicines have been included in NLEM 2022. Major changes were done in the anti-infective therapeutic category in which 18 out of 34 (53%) medicines were added and 9 out of 26 (34%) medicines were deleted. Only 22 FDCs are included in the...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2024 in |
Background and Aim: The Amaranthaceae family have gained attention for their potential antiulcer properties. Peptic ulcers, a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, necessitate the exploration of alternative therapies, and Amaranthaceae species may offer promising leads in this regard. Therefore, we have selected Amaranthus spinosus from the Amaranthaceae family for the evaluation of antioxidant and antiulcer properties. Method: The plant material was successively extracted by the Soxhlet extraction technique with Petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, and water. The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts and the standard drugs were based on consideration of the radical scavenging influence of the stable “1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl” (DPPH) free radical action and hydrogen peroxide process. Two models, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory induced ulcer and pyloric ligation, were analysed for methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus for its antiulcer activity. Result: The phytochemical examination of methanolic extracts reveals the presence of triterpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, and proteins. The antioxidant study results revealed that among all the four extracts, the MEAS possesses significant antioxidant potential. Compared with control, there were a significant...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2024 in |
The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis is 0.1% to 1% and it is most common in developed countries. More than 2/3rd [54%-70%] of patients with RA have sleep disturbances. In RA multiple episodes of inflammation are predictive of an increased risk of developing depression. The prevalence of depression in individual RA ranges 14% to 48%. Sleep disturbances & depression in those with RA patients worsen their quality of life and impair their daily activity. Sleep issues and depressions have the potential to disrupt the effectiveness of treatments for RA. By addressing their concerns, we can enhance treatment compliance. There is a bidirectional relationship between RA, sleep disturbance & depression, poor sleep and depression can worsen RA symptoms. Understanding this complex scenario is crucial for the comprehensive care. Identifying and addressing sleep problems & depression can lead to better management strategies. These may involve lifestyle changes medication adjustments or mental health interventions to improve both physical & emotional well-being. This study is essential for enhancing their wellbeing, optimizing treatment outcomes and...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2024 in |
Background: The prevalence of Heart Failure (HF) is expected to rise over the next few decades, placing a significant strain on the healthcare system. Exact risk stratification in HF is still difficult, even though numerous prognostic markers of death and/or HF hospitalization have been found in HF patients; nonetheless, their practical usefulness is restricted. Aim and Objective: The current study aimed to determine the etiology of hospitalization and readmission with HF patients, and the factors associated with readmission. Materials and Methods: A prospective-observational study was conducted with 81 HF patients for 3 months. The patient’s data collection form and cash sheets were used to record the patient’s clinical information’s. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. Results: A total of 81 patients were included in this study. The study participants’ median age was 61.5 years, with the majority being male (70.37%). Dyspnea (80.24%) was the most common symptom. HFrEF(86.41%) was the most prevalent type of HF. Type 2 DM (72.83%) was the most common co-morbid condition. There is an inverse correlation between compliance...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2024 in |
The present research focused to decide the premier dosage of methanol extract of Lepidagathis fasciculata whole plant extract and examining the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors of diabetic rats utilized to execute stronger command of hyperglycemia allowed for the blood glucose to be lowered in these animals. In streptozotocin-induced rats, the anti-hyperglycemic effects of oral administration of various doses of methanol extract revealed that the highest dose considerably lowered blood glucose levels analyzed to further dosage. Additionally, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed a better anti hyperglycaemic impact than n-hexane and chloroform fractions, according to the results of the repeated administration of methanol fractions. In addition, the in-vitro studies results demonstrated that the consequences of methanol extract and its fraction onα-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme exercises could be controlled with low concentrations of ethyl acetate and n-butanol measured to different fractions and Acarbose, which was utilized as a positive control. These results suggested that the presence of polyphenolic active ingredients allowed the mobile coarse extract (methanol) and its vital fractions (ethyl...
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