Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Vortioxetine, a well-established antidepressant for major depressive disorder, faces limitations in traditional formulations regarding patient compliance and rapid onset of action. Mouth dissolving tablets (MDTs) offer a patient-friendly alternative, particularly beneficial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate MDTs of vortioxetine using super disintegrants (Cros povidone, Croscarmellose sodium, Sodium starch glycolate), effervescent agents, and sublimation techniques. Twelve formulations (F1–F9) were prepared via direct compression, each containing 4 mg vortioxetine. The tablets were evaluated for physical properties (hardness, friability, disintegration time), drug content, dissolution profiles, and stability. Results indicated rapid disintegration (85% within 10 minutes). Stability studies over 45 days showed no significant changes in drug content or disintegration time. The optimized formulation (F9) demonstrated superior performance, with 98.5% drug release at 10 minutes. MDTs of vortioxetine present advantages such as enhanced patient compliance, ease of administration, and potential for faster therapeutic effects. This study underscores the potential of MDTs as a viable alternative to conventional tablets, particularly for patients with dysphagia. Further clinical...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Background: Pharmacology education has evolved with the introduction of competency-based medical education (CBME). Traditional live animal experiments in pharmacology practical face ethical, logistical, and regulatory challenges. Computer-assisted learning (CAL) using animal simulation software offers an alternative that aligns with CPCSEA guidelines, emphasizing the 4Rs (Reduction, Refinement, Replacement, and Rehabilitation). Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of CAL as a teaching-learning and assessment tool for 2nd MBBS students and to analyze student feedback on the use of CAL software in pharmacology practical. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among 125 2nd MBBS students at Tezpur Medical College. Students participated in a CAL session on the “Effect of drugs on the rabbit eye”. Pre-test and Post-test MCQs scores were recorded. Assessment was conducted using CAL software in an examination mode. Feedback was collected using a structured questionnaire based on the Likert scale. Data analysis was done. Results: The mean pre-test score was 36%, while the post-test score improved significantly to 71% (p<0.05). The proportion of students scoring between...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2025 in |
Background: Analysis of price inconsistencies among various brands guides prescribing physicians. A cost-effective prescribing pattern safeguards good patient compliance and better treatment outcomes. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the cost variation of different angiotensin receptor blockers available in the Indian market. Materials and Methods: The prices of angiotensin receptor blockers, produced by different pharmaceutical companies in India, with the same strength and dosage form were obtained from the Current Index of Medical Specialties, manual 2024-2025. The cost of generics was obtained from the janaushadhi.gov.in website. The maximum and minimum prices of brand drugs manufactured by different companies, cost differences of brand versus generic drugs, cost ratio, and the percentage cost variation, were calculated. Results: Candesartan had the highest cost variation. The difference between the minimum price of brand drugs and the cost of generic drugs was highest with telmisartan 80 mg at 41.23%. The cost variation among the combinations was maximum with telmisartan 80 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg at 559 %. Olmesartan 40 mg +...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2025 in |
Introduction: Carcinoma cervix is one of the most common cancers accountings for 15% of all the cancers diagnosed in women. Diabetes mellitus is considered a main factor that increases the propensity to get genital infections, especially when uncontrolled. This analysis allowed us to identify an intriguing pattern that opens up new avenues for investigation. Aims and Objectives: To study the PAP smear findings among diabetic females who visited the OPD for various complaints and routine check-ups as well. Material and Method: A total cases of 1800 pap smears from women between age group of 25 to 80, for the period of 1 year were included in this study. Results: Out of 1800, 1308 were diabetic and 492 were nondiabetic. Among patients we found that the incidence of LSIL, HSIL, Ca-Cervix are higher in diabetic women than non-diabetic women. Conclusion: The study’s findings demonstrated a correlation between diabetes mellitus and abnormal pap smear tests, and they also indicated that managing diabetes mellitus is a significant factor influencing pap smear results....
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2025 in |
New Benzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. To explain the activity of new derivatives, we have explored the binding affinity of the compounds against α-amylase (PDB ID: 4W93), the target enzyme for the antidiabetic activity. α-amylase is considered as primary target because it converts starch into maltose, which is followed by the production and transportation of the glucose into the blood. Docking study strongly enhanced the activity of these compounds as new discovered hits. The drug likeness score established the compounds to be pharmacokinetically active. All the reactions were monitored by TLC one spot technique, melting point analysis and the structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by UV, IR, proton NMR spectra. The inhibitory activity of all the derivatives against alpha amylase enzyme showed moderate activity in comparison to standard drug acarbose. Among all the derivatives, BM-1emerged with potent inhibitory activity. Compounds BM-2, BM-3 and BM-4 exhibited moderateinhibitoryactivity.BM-5was found to be the least potent...
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