Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
An in-silico attempt to predict rat oral acute toxicity, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, genetic toxicity endpoints, nuclear receptor (NR) signaling, and stress response (SR) pathways of metabolites of synthetic medicine Ranitidine and flavonoids of Musa sp. The metabolites of common flavonoids and synthetic medicine were taken from literature, and the prediction was done by using ProTox-II webserver. The predictive results for the toxicity of these metabolites, N-nitrosodimethylamine obtained the lower LD50 value (26 mg/kg) as highest toxicity of class II, i.e., prescribed as fatal after swallowing ranged between >5 and ≤50, and rest compounds were class IV and V i.e., harmful or may be harmful if swallowing ranged between >300 and ≤2000 and >2000 and ≤5000. None of these were showed hepatotoxic as well as not cytotoxic and mutagenic active, but few were immunotoxic, and all metabolites of synthetic origin and two phytometabolites viz. quercetin-3-glucuronide and 5-O-methylmyricetin were obtained carcinogenic active. In the case of NR signaling pathways and SR pathways, three compounds were active on different parameters. In conclusion, this...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Objective: Development of simple, rapid, and accurate UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Fentanyl citrate (FC) in a bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The proposed method was validated according to the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists International. Methods: The method was based on the measurement of absorbance at a wavelength of257.6 nm, λmax of FC in methanol, respectively. Results: The calibration curve of FC was linear in the concentration range of 200-1400 µg ml-1. The mean recovery, the limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for FC were 99.029%, 1.031 µg ml-1and 0.340 µg ml-1, respectively. The method was precise, with a relative standard deviation of less than 2.0 %. For robustness, the factors analyzed did not significantly affect the quantification of FC. Conclusion: The proposed method can be successfully applied for the estimation of FC in a bulk and pharmaceutical dosage...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Medicinal plants play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents. In recent years there has been an increased interest in using of herbal medicines. To assess the antioxidative and antitumorigenic efficacy of methanolic extract of bark, fruits, and leaves of Ficus racemosa in Dalton Lymphoma Ascites tumors transplanted Swiss albino mice. The results showed that the cytotoxicity study by Trypan blue assay revealed the concentration-dependent cytotoxic activity of MEFrB, MEFrF, and MEFrL to DLA tumor cells with the fifty percent effective dose (ED50) at 54 µg, 58 µg, and 60 µg, respectively. The MTT assay also showed the cytotoxic effect to DLA tumor cells at the concentration-dependent, and the ED50 was found to be 40µg (MEFrB), 42 µg (MEFrF), and 46 µg (MEFrL) and indicated their antitumorigenic potential. Intraperitoneal transplantation of DLA tumor cells altered the antioxidant balance of the mice liver by significantly decreasing the activities of enzymic antioxidants (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and non-enzymic antioxidants (Vitamin A, E, and C). Administration and co-administration of...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Bio-pesticides are playing a very important role in controlling mosquitoes and their larvae. In the present scenario, chemical pesticides are causing several side effects on non-target organisms, particularly in men. Moreover, mosquitoes and their larvae become resistant to chemical pesticides; therefore, chemical pesticides are not much more effective. The conventional use of temephos and pyrethrum creates several health hazards in men, especially in upper and lower respiratory disorders, including allergy, asthma, and rhinitis. The plant Hyptis suaveolens is well known for its aromatic properties. Therefore, it was proposed to apply its purified fraction on different strains of mosquitoes for the evaluation of mosquito larvicidal activities. In the present study, identified and authenticated shade-dried whole plant materials were pulverized to get powder, extracted in various solvents through Soxhletion, and percentage yields were noted down. The main phytoconstituents reported in the extract were alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannin in huge amounts. Due to the presence of the pungent smell of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannin in Hyptis suaveolens, mosquito larvicidal activities...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
The secondary metabolites being defensive function in plants, the men also thought of using same to defend the chronic diseases by crud drugs or with some organic aromatic molecules. The phenyl groups and other functional groups are bonded together, forming aromatic organic molecules. These molecules are used in perfumes and medicines. The qualitative and quantitative aromatic and medicinal compounds isolation was carried out from Isodon nilgherricus (Benth.) H. Hara. The qualitative analysis was carried out by various solvent extraction tests, and quantitative analysis was carried out by GC-MS technique. The qualitative analysis of essential oil showed the presence of Butenal <2-methyl-> which has 100% area covered with a retention time of 1.905. Quantitative analysis led to the identification of 32 different compounds from total 38 different peaks. The predominant components of the oil detected were Butyl pentanoate, pentanoic acid (13.60%), Norbornene-2-methonol<endo-5->, bicycle (2.2.1) hept-5-ene-2 methanol (1R-endo) with 5.25% concentration. It was followed by Ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate, hexanoic acid, 3, hydroxy-ethyl easter (4.45%), Isobutyl angelate (3.10%), Butanoic acid (2.45%). Butyl pentanoate...
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