Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2024 in |
Background: Breast cancer is commonest malignancy of women globally. A palpable breast lump is common diagnostic dilemma to surgeons. In 2016,International Academy of Cytology (IAC) established a standardized approach for reporting Breast FNAC by categorizing the lesions in five tier system from C1 to C5 to standardize reporting, which will enhance Breast FNAB cytology performance, interpretation, and reporting and its histopathological correlation to improve diagnostic accuracy. Aims and Objectives: To categorize FNAC cases according to The IAC Yokohama System and correlate histopathologically (wherever possible) and evaluate the diagnostic ability of FNAC. Material and Methods: The current prospective analytical study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, for a period of 15 months. The results were analysed based on cytological and histopathological reporting. Results: The highest number of cases were from the age group of 21- 30 years with 29% (n=29). The maximum number of cases, 69% (n=69) of the total, were found to be categorized under the category C2 (benign) which...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2024 in |
Introduction: Acne is characterized by non-inflammatory follicular papules or comedones and by inflammatory papules, pustules and nodules and is estimated to affect 9.4% of the global population. Topical combination therapy is the first-line approach for facial acne. Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of topical clindamycin 1% with tretinoin 0.025% and clindamycin 1% with nicotinamide 4% in mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Methods: This was a comparative study conducted at BMCRI including seventy subjects who were randomized (1:1) into two groups. Group A received clindamycin with Tretinoin and Group B received clindamycin with nicotinamide. Efficacy was assessed by mean change in Acne Severity Index (ASI) from baseline and at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Safety was assessed by adverse events reported. Results: Both treatment groups showed statistically significant improvement. Baseline ASI of Group A was 86.48 ± 4.49 and of Group B was 88.05 ± 4.02, which were comparable. At end of 12 weeks, ASI of Group A and Group B was reduced to 25.65±...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2024 in |
Lepromatous leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, characterized by the extensive involvement of skin and peripheral nerves. While it commonly affects the cooler regions of the body, such as the extremities, ears, and face, involvement of the muzzle area is exceedingly rare. We present a unique case of lepromatous leprosy in a 42-year-old male, where the initial manifestation of the disease primarily occurred in the muzzle area. This case report highlights the atypical clinical presentation of lepromatous leprosy, which typically spares the central face and mucous membranes. The patient exhibited disfiguring nodules, erythema, and sensory loss in the muzzle area, leading to a delayed diagnosis due to the unusual site of involvement. A comprehensive clinical evaluation, histopathological examination, and microbiological confirmation were pivotal in establishing the diagnosis. The rarity of muzzle area involvement in lepromatous leprosy underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for atypical presentations, especially in regions where leprosy is endemic. Early detection and multidrug therapy remain crucial in preventing...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2024 in |
Background: A vaccine supply chain is the complex system of steps, processes, equipment, vehicles and locations involved in getting vaccines from their origin to their destination. Failure to understand and properly address this system can greatly reduce the impact of any vaccine. It is also necessary that the condition of cold chain equipment i.e., deep freezer and ice- lined refrigerator (ILR) is maintained appropriately and emergency plan in case of cold chain failure is followed adequately. Material and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the functioning of cold chain points after implementation of eVIN (electronic vaccine intelligence network) from January 2022 to August 2022. 34 out of 40 cold chain points in district Nainital who responded were visited and assessed. Collected data were compiled in MS Excel and analyzed using percentages. Result: The findings of this assessment suggest positive changes in the areas of vaccine utilization, stock management and distribution and documentation. The findings revealed that the exposure to sub‑zero temperature and >8°C occurred at...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2024 in |
The present study was aimed to analyze the prescription pattern of the diabetic patients with clinical profile with specific objective to determine the current trend of anti-diabetic drugs. According to the report obtained from the study, the male patients are more prone to diabetes mellitus than females. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is widely observed where study was carried out. There is the need for change in the lifestyle of diabetic patients as per observed social habits. The diabetes patients were in the age group of 51-60 years. Hypertension affected more than 29.73% of diabetic patients according to the present study. The prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs and cardiovascular drugs are based upon the guideline’s combination drugs by majority of the diabetic patients. The drugs pattern of oral hypoglycemic is also based upon the National list of essential medicines (NLEM 2015) and Dual therapy with metformin + Glimepiride is widely prescribed among these subjects. Proper dose calculations of insulin have been carried out based upon the BMI levels and various...
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