Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
To investigate the possible protective effects of satwa from three Tinospora species against acetaminophen and alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male albino wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=6); healthy control, negative control (Acetaminophen 1000mg/kg b.w./day, p.o. or 30%; alcohol 1ml/100g b.w./day, p.o.), positive control (Silymarin; 100mg/kg b.w./day, p.o.), Treatment 1 (Tinospora cordifolia satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day p.o.), Treatment 2 (Tinospora sinensis satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day, p.o.) and Treatment 3 (Neem-giloe satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day., p.o.). Liver injury in the rats was induced by repeated dosing of acetaminophen or alcohol for 15 days. Expression analysis of fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), sterolregulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), nuclear factor-kappa β (NF-κβ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) genes from liver were assayed by a semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expressions of FABP1, PPARγ were downregulated while SREBP1, NF-κβ and TNF-α were upregulated in negative control. Treatment with Neem-giloe satwa upregulated the expression of FABP1 and down-regulated the expression of NF-κβ, SREBP1, TNF-α as compared to acetaminophen treated rats. Treatment with T. sinensis...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The experiment was carried out to investigate the phytochemicals constituents of the red seaweed Hypnea flagelliformis (Greville ex J. Agardh. 1851) from Tuticorin coastal waters, Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast of India; by using HPLC, FTIR, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The selected seaweed was extracted with ethyl acetate (by soxhlet extraction method), furthermore subjected to HPLC, FTIR, and GC-MS analysis to reveal the phytochemical constituents. Totally five peak values were found in HPLC analysis. Among the five, three are a prominent peak at 2.243, 2.447, and 30.787 min, and the area percentages were 23.0, 45.4, and 30.6, respectively. The IR spectrum of ethyl acetate extract shows nine peaks corresponding to the wavenumber 3403.16, 2923.88, 2853.49, 2361.67, 1717.49, 1460.98, 1378.04, 1248.82, and 1042.45 cm‑1. In the GC-MS analysis, a total of nineteen peaks were obtained, and the chromatograph showed 19 individual compounds. From all the nineteen compounds, three major compounds identified based on area percentage, which includes 1,4-eicosadiene (29.01%), n-tetracosanol-1(14.06%), and tetradecyl trichloro-acetic acid (7.90%). Further, these novel bioactive structures...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the pharmacological evaluation of SDDCT as nephroprotective potential in rats. Material and Methods: The current study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological potential of SDDCT in Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The SDDCT found to be useful in suppression of nephrotoxicity. The pharmacological potential was evaluated in gentamicin 100 mg/kg induced nephrotoxicity in rats for seven days through i.p. administration, the effect of SDDCT at a different dose level that is a higher dose (100 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) and lower dose (50 mg/kg b.w. p.o.). Various physical, biochemical, and antioxidant parameters were studied. Gentamicin induced glomerular destruction, accumulation of inflammatory cells, epithelial desquamation and necrosis in parts of medulla was found to reduce in the groups receiving SDDCT along with Gentamicin. SDDCT also normalized Gentamicin induced increase in serum creatinine (0.40 ± 0.15), serum urea (30.33 ± 2.21), serum uric acid (1.80 ± 0.27) and blood urea nitrogen (16.06 ± 1.50) levels. This is also evidenced by histopathological studies. Result...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
A new series of chalcones have been designed and synthesized, which are incorporated with pyridine moiety chalcones possess heterocyclic rings like pyridine, pyrazole, indole, etc. These heterocycles are cyclic compounds in which one or more atoms of the ring are hetero atoms: O, N, S, P, etc. These are important components in many of the pharmaceuticals and therapeutic drugs. These are present in so many biologically relevant molecules like amino acids, nucleic acids and hormones. In my work, I have used a pyridine compound to synthesis the chalcones. Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally related to benzene, with one methine group (=CH-) replaced by a nitrogen atom. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and vitamins. Historically, pyridine was produced from coal tar. It has an unpleasant fish-like smell. Nowadays, pyridine is produced on a scale of about 20,000 tonnes per year worldwide. A reaction involving Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 1- (pyridin-2-yl) ethanone with different aryl aldehydes in...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Prochlorperazine maleate is used for the treatment of motion sickness and classified under BCS class II for treatment of emesis, the per-oral route is preferred route of administration but first-pass effect and poor bioavailability limits its application. To overcome these limitations, efforts were made to enhance the bioavailability of drugs via the development of a sublingual tablet by melt granulation technique. The formulation was developed by the melt granulation method where PEG 6000 and PEG 400 blend and gelucire as a hydrophilic polymer were used to enhance solubility and drug release rate. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, drug content, wetting time, in-vitro disintegration time and water absorption ratio, and in-vitro dissolution studies. It was concluded that sublingual tablets containing sugar: PEG ratio drug, and lactose showed the highest drug release in the in-vitro dissolution studies. The optimized batch was subjected to accelerated stability studies. No change in physicochemical properties as well as in drug content and in-vitro release studies were...
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