Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2020 in |
Objective: We report the phyto-pharmacognostic evaluation and HPTLC finger-printing profile of the methanolic extract of Saptaparṇa [Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.] leaves – unaffected and gall-affected, collected in January 2019. Materials and Methods: Physicochemical parameters and phytochemical screening were done by standard procedures. HPTLC finger-printing profile of the methanolic extracts of dried leaves and dried leaves with gall was performed on pre-coated TLC silica gel 60F254 plates with hexane: EtOAc: MeOH: formic acid (5:4.5:0.5:0.5 v/v) as developing solvent, with observation at 254 and 366 nm. Results: Some of the leaves had 15-20 galls on both surfaces. Powder Microscopy of the bitter-tasting green color leaf powder showed a group of epidermal cells, unicellular trichomes, elongated stone cells in the group, prismatic calcium oxalate crystals, single-layered fibers, reticulate vessels, anomocytic stomata, and reddish-brown color tannin matter; epidermis of gall cells, insect body in affected leaves. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, terpenoids/steroids, phenolic compounds/ tannins, but an absence of reducing sugars and flavonoids. A large number of bands were...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The purpose of current research work has been made to formulate a gastro-retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) of those drugs having a narrow absorption window or having good absorption at the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) to deliver at stomach site and to improve the bioavailability of a drug. Gastro-retentive hydrogel tablet of Cefixime trihydrate was prepared by the direct compression method via using carbopol 940 and chitosan with different concentrations. Cefixime is a very poorly water-soluble drug after its oral administration so that it is slowly and incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, which results within poor bioavailability i.e., 40-50%. Hydrogel was characterized concerning diverse parameters with mechanical strength, swelling ratio, in-vitro drug release, etc. The drug release from a combination of carbopol 940 and chitosan-based hydrogel showed for a prolonged period. A 32 full factorial design was utilized to optimize the tablet of cefixime trihydrate by selecting an amount of carbopol 940 and chitosan as independent variables and effects were observed on drug release and...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic approach for the development of products and processes. Azilsartan Medoxomil is a competitive antagonist of the Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor. A precise and reproducible ultra-performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of Azilsartan Medoxomil from its marketed tablet dosage form applying Quality by Design approach. Eight experiments were conducted using the full factorial design in order to rationally examine the effects of stationary phase, buffer pH and organic phase concentration in primary screening followed by method optimization with variation in Column temperature and flow rate. Chromatographic separation of AZIL was achieved at 40 °C temperature using an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (4.6mm × 2.1mm, 1.7μ) analytical column; the mobile phase consisted of Acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (pH 5.5, 0.02mM) (40:60, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml min-1. Azilsartan eluted with retention time (Rt value) 2.41 min. The linear regression analysis showed good linear relationship with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The limit of detection and...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The aim is to design, develop & characterize a desired gastro retentive super porous hydrogel (SPH) formulations containing lafutidine is histamine H2-receptor antagonist that may be used alone or with other agents to treat inhibits stomach acid production. SPH‘s synthesized employing various composite agents viz., sodium alginate, pectin, Carbopol, and chitosan were subjected to density and swelling property (swelling time, swelling ratio) characterization. Pectin, Carbapol, and chitosan have shown the best results; they were optimized for further characterization. As a hybrid agent is responsible for maintaining the capillary structure required for fast swelling of SPH, the effect of optimized hybrid on mechanical characters and swelling behavior of SPH was assessed. As the hybrid chitosan concentration increased, there was an extensive variation in swelling properties. Swelling time was gradually decreased from 45 to 16 min. SPHH-CN1 to SPH-CN7 lafutidine combined formulations were developed with dried SPH-CN5 powder. Drug release studies for formulations F1- F7 was carried out, and based upon release and retarding capacity, the effect of sodium bicarbonate F4...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Background: The liver is the major detoxification organ that deactivates and removes toxic chemicals. The oxidative stress-mediated toxicity of chemicals involves destruction primarily to liver tissue (Hepatotoxicity), which could lead to cancer. Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, is reported to be an apoptosis inducer, antineoplastic and antioxidant. The present study is aimed to screen diosgenin for its effect on diethylnitrosamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: 48 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 8 animals each. Group 1: the vehicle was given to the animals for 8 weeks. Group 2: den control, group 3 sorafenib, groups 4, 5, and 6 diosgenin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, respectively). Groups 2 to 6 were administered with 0.01% den in drinking water for 8 weeks. The respective treatment started from 4th week and continued till the 11th week. At the end of the study, animals were sacrificed for the determination of biochemical, antioxidant, and histological parameters. Results: Administration of den caused a significant increase in the levels of serum...
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