Posted by admin on Feb 29, 2020 in |
Indian literature relating to the spectrum of infections in maintenance hemodialysis patients has not been extensively published. The purpose of this study was to carry out surveillance of infections in this population and to determine the clinical patterns and outcomes of infections and also to assess the prescribed antibiotic therapy. This was a prospective observational study carried out in the dialysis unit of the nephrology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The sample of the study comprised of 30 patients who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis and presented with infections. Escherichia coli was the commonly detected gram-negative pathogen in culture and sensitivity tests. Whereas the most commonly isolated gram-positive bacteria were streptococcus pneumonia and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus species which were sensitive to vancomycin. Respiratory system (47.2%) followed by the urinary system (27.3%) were most commonly affected. The most common outcome of infections was a cure (57%). Clarithro-mycin and ofloxacin-ornidazole were found to be inappropriately dose adjusted. Amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, levofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, mero-penem and imipenem-cilastatin were inappropriately adjusted for dosing...
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Posted by admin on Feb 29, 2020 in |
Endophyte is a rich source of bioactive metabolites for medicinal exploitation as an increasing number of novel compounds with bioactive potential are now being isolated from this source. This study was conducted to characterize and explore endophytic fungi from marine weeds available in Bangladesh. The whole weed was used for isolation of endophytic fungi in the water agar media and the isolated fungi were identified through macroscopic and microscopic observation. Small scale cultivation was performed on liquid Wickersham media. Cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antioxidant activities were evaluated following brine shrimp lethality bioassay, disc diffusion method and DPPH free radical scavenging assay, respectively. A total of five endophytic fungi were isolated, purified and characterized from four seaweeds; Hypnea musciformis (HM), Sargassum crassifolium (SC), Dictyota dichotoma (DD) and Caulerpa peltata (CP). They were coded as HMWE-1, HMWE-2, SCWE-1, DDWE-1 and CPWE-1. The fungal strains HMWE-1 and SCWE-1 were identified morphologically as Fusarium sp., HMWE-2 and DDWE-1 as Penicillium sp. and CPWE-1 as Aspergillus sp. DDWE-1 fungal strain showed significant antioxidant activity in comparison...
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Posted by admin on Feb 29, 2020 in |
This study describes the development and validation of stability indicating UPLC method for Bilastine and its impurities, an anti-allergic drug. Bilastine was subjected to stress degradation under different conditions recommended by the International Conference on Harmonization to observe the degradation products. The successful separation of Bilastine from its synthetic impurities and degradation impurities formed under stress conditions were achieved on Acquity UPLC CSH Phenyl-hexyl (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 1.7 µ), and the gradient mode mobile phase consists of 0.05% TFA in water and 0.05% TFA in Acetonitrile. The mobile phase flow rate was 0.10 ml/min. The column temperature was maintained at 25 °C. The sample temperature was maintained at ambient and wavelength fixed at 275 nm UV-detection. It was found that the method of RPUPLC with UV-detection system for the analysis of Bilastine impurities determination and also applied in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The developed UPLC method was validated with respect to specificity, precision, linearity, ruggedness, and robustness. A validation study has been performed as per ICH...
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Posted by admin on Feb 29, 2020 in |
Development of a sustained release liquid oral in-situ gel of Voriconazole with improved bioavailability has been the main aim of this project. Complexation of the drug with hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin was done to improve the solubility and stability of the drug. The mucoadhesive polymer carbopol 934P and release retardant HPMC E50 were used as factors and a two-square factorial design was employed. A simple mixing method was used for the formulation, and evaluation was done. The polymers had a significant effect on gelation time, mucoadhesive strength, and 8 h drug release. Carbopol showed a better- controlled release and mucoadhesive strength than HPMC E50. The experimental values for gelation time, mucoadhesive strength, drug release at 1 h, 8 h, 12 h, and gel strength were found to be 80 sec, 17453 dynes/cm, 21.10%, 62.98%, 90.54%, 55 sec respectively, which were close to the predicted values. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed a 12 h sustained drug release, plasma drug concentrations above 0.5µg/ml (MIC) and 6.76-fold increase in bioavailability. Thermal and photostability studies revealed a...
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Posted by admin on Feb 29, 2020 in |
The present study aimed to understand, phytochemistry and antioxidant property of five members belonging to Apocynaceae, Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don; Plumeria alba L.; Pentalinon luteum (L) B. F. Hanson & Wunderlin; Rauvolfia tetraphylla L and Nerium oleander L. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out using the methanolic extract for protein, carbohydrate, alkaloids, phenol, tannin flavonoids, and saponin. They were quantified using spectrophotometer using different standards and methods like the Bradford method using BSA as standard for protein, phenol-sulphuric acid method using glucose as standard for carbohydrates, Folin-Ciocalteau method by Sidduraju and Becker for phenol using catechol as standard, tannins using Folin-Ciocalteu method using tannic acid as standard, Zhishen et al., modified method for flavonoids using quercetin as standard. Total alkaloids were estimated using the dry weight method. Antioxidant properties were studied using the ability of the Soxhlet extracts of the plant samples to scavenge the DPPH radicals using Blois method with modifications. The highest concentration for protein was found in Rauvolfia tetraphylla, and the lowest concentration was found...
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