Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2019 in |
Aim of the present study was to evaluate the antianxiety and antidepressant activity of Valeriana pyrolaefolia, a member of family Valerianaceae. The antianxiety and antidepressant activities of dichloromethane extract were evaluated using the elevated plus-maze model and porsolt’s despair swim test. The studies were conducted on lacca mice, and the test materials were administered per oral route. The dichloromethane extract of V. pyrolaefolia roots exhibited significant dose-dependent antianxiety activity at 400 mg/kg. The results were comparable to the standard diazepam (2 mg/kg). The extract also exhibited significant antidepressant activity at 400 mg/kg dose. The results were comparable to the standard imipramine (10 mg/kg). The TLC fingerprint profile of the bioactive extract was developed using precoated TLC plates of 0.2 mm thickness. Valtrate was used as a bioactive marker for developing TLC fingerprint profile. The solvent system comprising dichloromethane: ethyl methyl ketone (8: 2) was used for developing the TLC profile. The TL chromatogram showed valtrate as a major component of the...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2019 in |
Metallic toxicity associated with Ayurvedic formulations like herbomineral preparation (Bhasma), especially because of heavy metals such as lead, has always been a matter of debate in the scientific community. Instead of that, ancient Ayurvedic literature reveals that sodhana process used for the preparation of such formulations, either decreases or eliminate the toxic effect of such heavy metals up to a negligible extent. But, the method for their standardization should be well defined. In present work, marketed lead preparation (Bhasma), In-house prepared lead preparation, and their corresponding micro/nano-particle have been evaluated for their physiochemical properties and toxicological impact. For the toxicity studies, instead of animals, two different methods like enzymatic inhibition and change in the growth pattern of yeast cells were explored to find out and establish the toxicity of such preparations. The results of the study reveal that sodhana process significantly effects to the physicochemical character of the metallic preparation and presence of heavy metals like lead effects to the activity of enzymes and growth pattern of the yeast...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2019 in |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of a saponin isolated from the fruits of the Momordica dioica as per OECD guidelines. Saponin was isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruits of M. dioica, and acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic and chronic toxicity was evaluated. The study of the acute toxicity of saponin M. dioica (SMD) at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg/b.w. by oral route in, recorded no mortality, and showed no change in the general behavior of the treated rats for 14 days. Administration at the doses; 1000, 500, and 250 mg/kg/b.w. by oral route in rats for 28 days and an animal showed doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg/b.w. of SMD was safe, no mortality for sub-acute but in a repeated dose of 1000 mg/kg/b.w. group produced treatment-related signs of toxicity. The study of Sub-chronic toxicity at the doses; 500, 250 and 100 mg/kg/b.w. of SMD in rats for 90 days and animals showed normal; hematological and biochemical parameters and gross findings compared to...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2019 in |
Though at present, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) stands to be one of the major mental debilitating psychiatric disorders, however, its clinical diagnosis remains unachieved due to the absence of any biological marker. Hence, this study is aimed at the identification of putative biological underpinnings of PTSD through the metabonomic approach. For this purpose, the animal model based NMR spectroscopy approach was undertaken for profiling of urine samples, for classification of metabolic changes brought about in body due to PTSD. Multivariate statistical analysis techniques, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) were performed on 1H NMR spectral data, which was obtained from both rat urine sets that are, before and after exposing the rats to Underwater Trauma (UT) for PTSD. The behavioral changes were measured and recorded by conducting the Open Field Test (OFT). PCA showed partial separation with PC1 = 49.8% and PC2 = 21.7%, however PLSDA completely separated both urine sets with R2 = 0.9 and Q2 = 0.8. Eight endogenous metabolites were...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2019 in |
In this study, in-situ raft forming Levofloxacin Suspension formulation was developed. In-vitro conditions like temperature, pH, and RPM simulating the in-vivo conditions like gastric pH, body temperature, and gastric motility respectively were identified as critical process parameters in system scale-up studies. Challenging and characterization were performed in-vitro. The working limits were identified and verified by calculation of process capability indices. Process Potential (Cp) and Process performance (Cpk) values greater than 2, and 1.33 respectively helped to select the conditions for the formation of raft system controlling the release up to 8 h with zero order release kinetics found to be significant (R2=0.9930). The release mechanism was found to be Korsemeyer-peppas showing the mechanism of drug release by diffusion and relaxation of polymeric raft structure. The Suspension formulation subjected to stability studies (40 ºC ± 2 ºC / 75% ± 5% RH) were found to be stable for pH, viscosity, floating lag time, content uniformity and percentage drug release from the raft structure. Moreover, radiographic x-rays evaluation for optimized formulation...
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