Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2019 in |
Context: Endolichenic fungi are the microorganisms living inside the thalli of the lichen and found to be a new source of bioactive secondary metabolites. This is an underutilized source of bioactive compounds and has not been studied extensively. Genus, Parmotrema is one of the foliose lichens with largely rounded lobes and occurs on rocks of rain forests, sub-montane and montane forests in Sri Lanka. Aims: The endolichenic fungi available in Sri Lanka and the chemistry of their secondary metabolites have not been explored thoroughly. This study aims at exploring novel bioactive compounds available in Penicillium citrinum inhabiting Parmotrema sp. Methods and Material: The lichen, Parmotrema sp., was collected from Hakgala Botanical Garden in Sri Lanka and its fungal strains were isolated and identified by Genomic DNA sequencing. Compounds were first extracted to ethyl acetate and subsequently subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation to isolate the bioactive compounds. The DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity. The active compound/s was separated by column chromatography, and its structure was elucidated by...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
Gastroenteritis, especially those caused by bacterial pathogens, remains as one of the major health issues in developing countries. Despite the availability of treatment, people are turning their interest in consuming certain food for its therapeutic value given the adverse effects of medications. This includes the consumption of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.). This study aims to determine the antibacterial effect of two methods of extraction, i.e., hot aqueous extract and methanol extract of Ajwa date fruit against selected gram-negative bacteria causing gastroenteritis. The antimicrobial activities were determined quantitatively using well diffusion assay together with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). Results showed that both hot aqueous and methanol extracts have the potential to suppress the growth of all tested bacteria. The methanol extract had higher inhibitory zones compared to hot aqueous extract, and the zones of inhibition were noted to increase with increase in the extract concentration. S. flexneri was the most sensitive bacteria to both types of extract. The methanol extract was also more...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
Aspergillus flavus is a famous fungus that produces aflatoxins. Aflatoxins are the most well known toxic and carcinogenic chemical prominent produced in nature. The fungus and aflatoxins are the main concern of the corn consumer. Pangi (Pangium edule Reinw) is a potential native plant to reduce infestation of the fungus A. flavus to prevent fungal contamination of food or feed. The research was undertaken to assess the antifungal activity of the P. edule Reinw extracts of seed against fungus A. flavus. Higher concentration is shown as the best concentration to suppress the growth of the A. flavus both mycelial growth and emerging new colony. The concentration of the 15% effectively and consistently inhibits A. flavus than other treatments. The lower concentration of 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% showed not significantly different over the control. Another higher concentration of the 5% showed that there is no inhibition of the fungus growth. However, the concentration of the 10% indicates also as a good treatment to suppress the fungus growth. Colony appearance after 144...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
A stability indicating method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (Tenofovir D F) in solid dosage form using RP-UPLC method. Waters Acquity UPLC system with Column Endoversilo C18 (50 × 2.1 nm, 1.8 μm) having PDA detector at 252 nm wavelength was used. Mobile phase having a mixture of 700 ml of Acetonitrile and 300 ml 0.1% Ortho Phosphoric Acid (OPA) in the ratio 70:30 v/v was used. The flow rate was set to 0.3ml/min. The retention time was obtained at 0.59 min for Elvitegravir, 2.51 min for Cobicistat, 1.48 min for Emtricitabine, and 0.73 min for Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate respectively with a total run time of 4 min. The linearity was calculated with correlation coefficients (r2=0.999), which were found to be within limits. The percentage recoveries of Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate were within the acceptance criteria. The drugs were found to be stable at forced degradation conditions, and the net degradation was found to be within...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
A simple, Precise, Accurate method was developed for the estimation of Inotuzumab Ozogamicin by RP-HPLC and UV technique. Chromatographic conditions used were stationary phase Discovery c18 150 × 4.6 mm, 5 m. Mobile phase O- phosphoric acid buffer: Acetonitrile in the ratio of 50v:50v and the flow rate were maintained at 1 ml/min, detection wavelength at 240nm, column temperature was set to 30 ºC, and diluents was Acetonitrile: Water (50v:50v), Conditions were finalized as an optimized method. System suitability parameters were studied by five times standard was injected, and results were well under acceptance criteria. Linearity study was carried out between 4.5 µg/ml to 27 µg/ml levels, R2 value was found to be as 0.999. Precision was observed to be less than 2% for both repeatability and intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are found to be 0.033 µg/ml and 0.099 µg/ml respectively. The explored HPLC method was fast, simple, sensitive, accurate and precise for the estimation of Inotuzumab Ozogamicin in bulk and its dosage form. The compounds were subjected...
Read More
