Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2019 in |
Introduction: We investigated to an in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of antimalarial and toxicity of the alkaloid-rich fraction of Momordica charantia fruits. Materials and Methods: In-vitro and in-vivo antimalarial activity tests of Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 culture were performed on Plasmodium berghei-infected mice using suppressive and prophylactic methods, and evaluation of fraction toxicity was conducted on zebrafish (Danio rerio). Results and Discussion: The study found that IC50 value of the in-vitro test was 0.17 ± 0.12 µg/mL and anti-malaria test using a suppressive and prophylactic method at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day was found to inhibit parasites by 74 and 73%, respectively. The evaluation of toxicity by the use of zebrafish revealed abnormalities in the formation of the heart (51.28%) and yolk sac (51.28%). Conclusion: Alkaloid rich-fractions have powerful in-vitro and in-vivo antimalarial activity, but they have teratogenic effects that can inhibit the formation of the heart and yolk...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2019 in |
Kinetics and stoichiometry S-oxidation reaction of sodium monohydrate Mezlocillin (Mezl) using potassium hydrogen peroxomonosulfate in aqueous solutions using iodometric titration were studied. Baypen®-powder Mezl sodium monohydrate in flacons for preparation of solution for injections (Mezl 1.0 g). A new iodometric method for the quantitative determination of sodium monohydrate Mezl in Baypen® preparation using potassium hydrogen peroxomonosulfate (KHSO5) as analytical reagent was proposed. Peroxomonosulfate acid as triple potassium salt 2КНSO5∙КНSO4∙K2SO4 (Oxone®) of “extra pure” qualification was used as the oxidant. At pH 1-4 for 1 mole of penicillin, 1 mole of KHSO5 is consumed, the quantitative interaction is achieved within a time of more than 1 min (observation time). The results were obtained by the recommended procedure for seven replicate titrations of mixtures containing the three species at various concentrations. RSD = 2.01%, δ = (+ 0.51) %. It can be seen that Piperacillin can be determined successively with good accuracy and reproducibility. The new procedure was developed, and the ability of quantitative determination of penicillin in pharmaceutical preparation Baypen®...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2019 in |
This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of methanolic extract of Chrysophyllum perpulchrum on biochemical, behavioral and histopathological variation in male Wistar rats. Acute toxicity of the methanol extract of Chrysophyllum perpulchrum was carried out on 36 male rats using different doses of the extract ranging from 500 to 2000 mg/kg body weight. Behavioral tests were used to determine the effect of the extract on cognitive performance such as anxiety, memory, and locomotor activity. Biochemical analyses of (ALAT, ASAT, glycemia) were carried out on the plasma, while pathological changes in the kidneys, liver were examined histologically. Our results showed that the LD50 value indicates that the methanolic extract of the C. perpulchrum administered orally, is slightly toxic and can induce some slight behavioral disturbances related to anxiety whereas the learning and memory capacities remained unaffected. The acute oral treatment of rats with methanolic extract of Chrysophyllum perpulchrum, in general, did not induce significant modifications of the biochemical profile when compared to the control group. However, the histopathological evaluation...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2019 in |
The acidic pH of the digestive vacuole (DV) of P. falciparum is thought to play a major role in the mechanisms of digestion of host erythrocyte hemoglobin, detoxification of heme, and chloroquine (CQ) action and resistance. However, a definitive measurement of the DV pH has been technically difficult. A previous study by Abu Bakar (2015) measured the DV pH by using fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran), a ratiometric pH indicator loaded into the malaria parasite’s DV that had been isolated using saponin (DVsap). To validate the FITC-dextran response to the DVsap pH, pH of the DV isolated by digitonin permeabilization (DVdigi) was measured. The DVdigi pH of the CQ-sensitive parasite (D10) was 5.66 ± 0.07 that is approximately similar to that of the DVsap pH (5.27 ± 0.03) estimated using the same probe. The DVdigi pH of the CQ-resistant parasite (Dd2) (5.62 ± 0.12) was not significantly different from the CQ-sensitive parasite’s DVdigi pH (P> 0.3). Re-acidification of the DVdigi was also observed upon the addition of 2 mM ATP to...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2019 in |
The assessment of the probability of occurrence of deep vein thrombosis played a very important part in making a correct diagnosis and modified Wells’ score is a widely used prediction rule for pre-test probability assessment. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the modified Wells’ score in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis compared to Doppler ultrasound study. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Baghdad Teaching Hospital from Jan 2017 till Dec 2017. Adults inpatients suspected of having lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis were included after taking verbal consents. Patients on antithrombotic treatment and those suspected to have pulmonary embolism were excluded. According to Wells’ score; patients were divided into likely and unlikely groups. Lower extremity venous duplex ultrasound study was established. Correlation of Wells’ score with DVT and its efficacy was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve. A total number of 113 patients were included; with a mean age of 40.6 ±, 12.7 years and males were 60 (53.1%). Based upon Wells’ score, 45 (39.8%)...
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