Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
The purpose of the research was to develop and evaluate metronidazole loaded HPMC K15M mucoadhesive microcapsules for sustained drug release at the gastric mucosa. Metronidazole mucoadhesive microcapsules were formulated by ion gelation technique using 32 factorial designs. A 32 full factorial designs were used to derive a statistical equation, ANOVA analysis, contour plots, and 3D response surface plots. Different polymer ratios of HPMC K15M and sodium alginate were used to formulate nine formulations (F1 to F9) of HPMC K15M loaded mucoadhesive microcapsules of metronidazole. In-vitro drug release and mucoadhesion were carried out by USP29 type-II tablet dissolution test apparatus and disintegration tester using goat stomach mucosa. The formulation was characterized by determining possible drug-polymer interaction using FT- IR, the percentage of yield, particle size, the percentage of entrapment efficiency, swelling index, the percentage of mucoadhesion and percentage of drug release. FT-IR spectroscopy result shows the interaction between the drug and polymers combined. The optimized formulations F9 exhibited high drug entrapment efficiency of 92.07 ± 0.02%, particle size of 852.46...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. belongs to the Meliaceae family and it is native to the West Indies. It was introduced to India in 1975 and now grown in any parts of India. Biological activities of the plant are due to the abundance of phenolic compounds including different terpenoids and limonoids. The plant possesses various secondary metabolites which are responsible for its anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic anti-oxidant, anti-ulcer, anti-viral, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory properties. This antimicrobial activity encouraged to work on identification of phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of this herbal plant. The seeds and barks of Swietenia mahagoni is subjected to phytochemical screening for secondary metabolites and disk diffusion method for its antimicrobial activity against standard MTCC strains, two bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus (gram+) (MTCC no. 6908), Escherichia coli (gram-) (MTCC no. 77) and one fungus Aspergillus niger (MTCC No.1344) were used for the study. The qualitative phytochemical tests reveal the presences of phytocompounds including alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and glycosides as major active constituents. The seed and bark extracts exhibit positively significant antimicrobial...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major burden in developing countries and leads to heart valve damage resulting from acute rheumatic fever (ARF). RHD and its complications cause more than 1.4 million deaths per year, globally. The mortality in RHD depends on the factors related to socio-economic status and tertiary care, especially in developing countries like India. In this study, a comparative analysis of the socio-economic status of RHD patients in a tertiary care hospital is done, and the prevalence of RHD in different aged patients is explored. A total of 96 RHD patients were included in the study with a mean age of 50.89 ± 14.62 (30-79) years. The average heart rate (HR) and ejection fraction (EF) of RHD patients were 90.15 ± 24.77 (46-160) and 55.61 ± 10.93 (23-70), respectively. It was found that only 87.50% patients were a complaint on follow up visits, out of which 39.58% were in age group 30-45 years, 37.50% were in age group 46-60 years, and 22.92% were above 60 years....
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
Several type II diabetic models have been developed to evaluate the effects of potential antidiabetic agents. However, there seems to be a paucity of literature evaluating the characteristics of diabetes-induced with fructose and alloxan. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize fructose-alloxan diabetes. Thirty rats were grouped equally into Control, Fructose and Fructose plus 150 mg/kg-IP alloxan. Twenty percent fructose solution was freely administered via gavage drinking for 2-weeks before alloxan. After that, rats were observed for 14-weeks. Lee-index of obesity was determined using body-weights and nose-anal lengths. Fasting Plasma Insulin (FPI) and blood glucose (FBG) were determined using ELISA and glucometer. Insulin Resistance (IR), Insulin sensitivity (IS) and Beta cell function (BCF) were evaluated via the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA). Response to metformin and Insulin were assessed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Fishers LSD post-hoc test at α0.05. Administration of alloxan to rats pre-treated with fructose elevated FBG (378.3 ± 40.0 vs. control 60.8 ± 2.5 mg/dL), which was not reduced significantly by insulin (351.8 ± 30.4...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2019 in |
Cissus latifolia Lam. (Vitaceae) is a woody climber with leaf-opposed tendrils. It is a medicinal plant used in the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The present study focused on the identification and qualitative determination of phytoconstituent types and establishment of the HPTLC fingerprint profile of the hot and cold extracts of C. latifolia. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done to identify the class of compounds present. HPTLC analyses of eight different extracts were carried out with the most suitable mobile phase system using the Camag HPTLC instrument consisting of Linomat- V automated spotter having a 100 μl syringe connected to a nitrogen cylinder, twin-trough developing chamber, scanner-III and viewing cabinet with dual wavelength UV lamps (Camag, Muttenz, Switzerland). Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, quinines, anthraquinones and phenol in the stem of C. latifolia. The HPTLC profiling of eight different extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and tannins with different Rf values. The results...
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