Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of infection with or without accompanying bacteraemia in the first month of life. Any newborn with bacterial sepsis is at risk of meningitis, but late onset sepsis(LOS) has been fairly associated with meningitis from 3% to 30%.Most common organisms causing neonatal meningitis in developing countries are Gram negative bacteria (GNB) like Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Objective: To detect microbiological profile of CSF and blood culture and its Antibiotic sensitivity test (AST) in LOS. Methodology: All the Positive sepsis screen patients with clinical suspicion of LOS, CSF and Blood sample were taken for culture and AST and CSF analysis. Result: During the study period 150 neonates 49 (32.6%) were diagnosed with meningitis. 42 were positive for Gram staining of CSF. From 42, CSF culture was positive in 38(25.33%) Neonatal meningitis were more common in male (61.2%) in preterm (73.4%) and in low birth weight (<2500gms) babies (87.7%). 61(40.66%) shows blood culture positive. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Heat stress disrupts the delicate thermoregulatory setup of human body, activating various molecular pathways (reduction in uric acid production via polyol-fructokinase pathway, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, and diminished nitric oxide (NO) causing vascular endothelial injury) that contribute towards Heat Stress Nephropathy (HSN).This study was designed to investigate the nephroprotective potential of Green Tea Extract (GTE) and Hesperetin (HES) in HSN. Mice subjected to heat stress (39.5oC for 30 minutes, twice a day for 10 days) along with 2, 4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) were used as a nephropathy model. Furthermore, pretreatment with GTE (50mg/kg; s.c) and HES (50mg/kg; s.c) were done simultaneously followed by heat stress procedure. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in kidney function, as evidenced by reduced levels of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Serum Creatinine (sCr) in mice pre-treated with GTE and HES compared to heat- stressed animals. Moreover, this combination led to a decrease in Thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) levels while enhancing Superoxide dismutase (SOD)...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Objectives: Moringa oleifera has enormous attention as the ‘natural nutrition of the tropics and an essential food commodity. Antioxidants important in deactivating free radicals having damaging role on biological cells. Polyphenolic compounds are the most prevalent antioxidants seen in plants. Present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and antitumor effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera (ELMO) against Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma bearing Swiss albino mice. Materials and Methods: 500 mg/kg body weight of ELMO was administered once in a day about 15 days after 24hrs of tumour inoculation. In mice treated with ELMO we observed decreased body weight, abdominal circumference and tumour volume, when compared to Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma control mice. We also observed in mice Treatment with ELMO decreased levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increased levels of (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results: Mice treated with 500mg/kg body weight of ELMO have shown a significant decrease in both the protective and curative group of body weight, tumour volume, and abdominal circumference compared to the Ehrlich’s ascites...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Background: Hepatitis B (HB) is a global public health issue that needs to be addressed. This study aims to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) towards Hepatitis B and its vaccination status among undergraduate medical students of Govt. Medical College, Almora in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. Material & Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Government medical college, Almora in which 299 students were enrolled. Data was collected via Google form link. Results: In the present study, out of 299 students, 104 were male and 95 were females. It was found that students had good knowledge regarding Hepatitis B virus but there was a bit gap between knowledge, attitude and practice towards hepatitis B virus and its vaccine that need to be addressed. Conclusion: In the present study, near about half of the participants had good knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding Hepatitis B. Education regarding Hepatitis B need to be imparted for prevention and timely...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Dental caries is a persistent disease characterized by acid damage to tooth enamel, which begins with the formation of biofilms on the tooth surface. Streptococcus mutans secretes glucosyltransferase, which enables the synthesis of extracellular glucan polymers using ingested starch within the oral cavity, ultimately resulting in acid production, a contributing factor to tooth decay. In this study, we conducted a preliminary screening and partial purification of glucosyltransferase enzymes and evaluated their inhibitory activity against selected plant extracts. We screened 36 isolates of Streptococcus mutans for glucosyltransferase enzyme production and identified the SM-18 isolate as having the highest enzyme activity and protein concentration which was selected for further study. Further enzyme optimization studies revealed that the optimal conditions for enzyme activity were pH 6.5, a temperature of 40°C, an incubation time of 18-19 hours, and a substrate concentration of 70 g/L. The extracted enzyme was precipitated at 70% using the ammonium sulphate precipitation method and had a molecular weight of approximately 65 kDa. We also analyzed the inhibitory effects of...
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