Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
A facile synthetic reaction has been used for the synthesis of novel compounds, substituted α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) cinnamamides from α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide. Their physical and spectral data characterized all the synthesized compounds. The title compounds were screened for in-vitro antioxidant activity in two different models which include scavenging of DPPH and nitric oxide free radicals. The compounds with hydroxy substitution on the phenyl ring of α-cyanocinnamamide moiety showed excellent antioxidant properties. Hence, the active compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Among the evaluated compounds, α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamamide and α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-cinnamamide exhibited better activity comparable to the standard drug Diclofenac. Further, in-silico prediction of molecular properties of the synthesized compounds was carried out using molinspiration online software. The study revealed that all the compounds obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five. The TPSA calculations revealed that the compounds possess good intestinal absorption. Finally, the present study identified these compounds as potential new drug candidates for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
Ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB) and Levofloxacin hemihydrate (LVF) in combination were separated using Reverse-Phase – High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method. Mobile phase acetonitrile and 0.05 M potassium di-hydrogen orthophosphate buffer (pH 7.0 adjusted with sodium hydroxide solution) (50: 50, v/v) was selected for this chromatographic method. The separation was achieved in Zorbax Eclipse XDB -C18 column with (250 × 4.5 mm i.d), 5mm particle size with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. At 248 nm wavelength, 10 µl of 60 µg/ml Ambroxol hydrochloride and 400 µg/ml Levofloxacin hemihydrate (LVF) was injected for 15 min runtime, and an individual peak was obtained for LVF at retention time 2.61 min and for AMB at retention time 7.69 min. Linearity was achieved for Ambroxol hydrochloride in the range of 48 mcg/ml to 72 mcg/ml and Levofloxacin hemihydrate in the range of 320 mcg/ml to 480 mcg/ml. For stress degradation, AMB and LVF were subjected to acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis, thermal degradation, UV light degradation, oxidation and analyzed with this chromatographic method. The results...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the modifiable risk factors like prolonged kitchen stay, dietary pattern, cooking methods in outpatient (Housewives) bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). This prospective observational study was carried out in Pulmonary Medicine Department in a Multispecialty Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala, India. A total of 126 [BA (72) and COPD (54)] patients enrolled into the study as per global initiative for lung diseases (GOLD) standards. Hemoglobin concentration was measured by Sahli’s method. Predisposing factors for bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) were monitored from the patient’s ecology. The univariate analysis showed a significant association between smoke exposure in kitchen and incidence of COPD and BA (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed the results demonstrated that risk for COPD group was significantly higher compared with BA group (P<0.05). Independent sample‘t’ test showed significant more time where BA patients stayed in the kitchen (P<0.05). The group that exposed to kitchen smoke more than 500 min per day was four...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
The purpose of the study was to determine the compatibility of Diacerein (DCN) with various pharmaceutical excipients used in the formulation of ultra-deformable vesicles by using the thermo-analytical technique, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR). Assessment of possible incompatibility between the drug and different excipients is an important parameter of preformulation studies. Diacerein was approved by FDA in 2008 for the treatment of osteoarthritis due to its inhibitory effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine including IL-6 and IL-1β. FTIR study of mentioned physical mixtures did not show any evidence of interaction in their solid state. Based on these results, all the excipients were found to be compatible with DCN as no new peak was observed spectra so that they can be further used in the formulation of transfersomal vesicles. FTIR spectra of transfersomal formulation showed a significant reduction in the intensity of peaks, which indicates the formation of vesicles. Moreover, all major peaks of DCN were found to be smooth indicating a strong physical interaction between drug, lipid, and surfactant...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) contain many bioactive compounds and have some biological activities and beneficial health properties. This study aimed to screen phytochemicals of cranberry fruits from the different solvent, to estimate the total phenolic and flavonoid content of cranberry fruits and their antioxidant effect in-vitro by DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. Phytochemical screening of various extracts such as aqueous, ethanol, chloroform, acetone and petroleum ether of cranberry fruit extracts, revealed the presence of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, coumarins, terpenoids, and betacyanin. The cranberry extracts were evaluated for phenol and flavonoid content with Gallic acid (GA) and Quercetin (Q) as standard. The optimum yield of phenol and flavonoid content were found in ethanol fruit extract 13.07 mg Gallic acid Equivalents (GAE)/g and 9.02 mg Quercetin Equivalents (QE)/g of cranberry. The cranberry extracts were evaluated for antioxidant activities by DPPH (1,1– diphenyl -2- picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Among five different solvents used, maximum antioxidant activity was found in ethanolic fruit extract (81.4%) followed by others. The IC50 values of ethanolic cranberry extract in superoxide radical...
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