Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Introduction: The goal of BTS (Blood Transfusion Service) is to provide safe and quality blood and blood products to needy patients. In developing and underdeveloped countries, there exists a gap between the demands and supply of blood products. Since 100% voluntary blood donation is not achieved, we rely on replacement donors also. Hence this study was attempted to assess the seroprevalence of TTI (transfusion-transmitted infection) in blood donors and to compare the seroreactivity rate between voluntary and replacement donors. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was done on the blood donors over the period of 4 years from January 2020 to December 2023 in a tertiary care hospital. Donor samples were screened for the five mandatory TTIs, viz., HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), HBV (hepatitis B virus), HCV (hepatitis C virus), syphilis, and malaria. Results: A declining trend in HBV was evident from 2020 to 2023. Prevalence of syphilis was highest in 2022. No marked change noted with HIV and HCV. The TTI rate in non-remunerated voluntary blood donors (NRVBD)...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
This study investigates the diagnostic utility of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values in evaluating intracranial lesions. A cross-sectional analysis of 44 patients was conducted, examining age and gender distribution, histopathological types, and grades of brain tumors. The highest proportion of individuals (22.7%) was within the 0-10 age range, with males comprising 56.8% of the sample. The study focused on supratentorial and infratentorial lesions, categorized by WHO grades, highlighting that Grade IV lesions were most common in both regions. High-grade tumors (WHO Grade III and IV) demonstrated lower ADC values, indicating restricted diffusion, while non-neoplastic conditions such as arachnoid and epidermoid cysts exhibited higher ADC values, reflecting increased diffusion. The presence of perilesional edema was more frequent in higher-grade tumors, underscoring their aggressive behavior and impact on surrounding brain tissue. Diffusion restrictions were significant in Grade IV lesions, with both partial and complete restrictions observed. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an Area under the Curve (AUC) of 0.70, indicating that DWI possesses...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Objectives: The anti-inflammatory activity of powdered almond gum (Prunus dulcis) was studied by using HRBC membrane stabilizing method and the bioactive compounds which are responsible for anti-inflammatory activity was analyzed by using FTIR analysis. Methods: To study the in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity Human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method has been used and for identification of functional groups Fourier Transform infra-red spectroscopy was used. Result and Conclusion: Almond gum resin serves as a good anti-inflammatory agent due to the presence of saponins, steroids, terpenoids and xylan which were identified from FTIR...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Urinary bladder lesions are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Majority of the bladder tumors are epithelial in origin with most of them accounting for urothelial/ transitional neoplasm. The present study was conducted to assess various types of urinary bladder lesions with regard to frequency, age and sex distribution and to describe the histopathological features of various lesions in the urinary biopsies along with grading of urothelial neoplasm. The present Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh for a duration of 1 year (1st June 2017- 31st May 2018). Out of the 35 cases, the male: female ratio was 4:1, the Mean ± S.D of age of presentation was 60.31 ± 13.42 years. Out of 33 urothelial neoplasms, 14 (42.42%) cases were graded as high grade, 17 (51.52%) cases as low grade and one each of inverted papilloma and papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. The early and definitive histopathological diagnosis with accurate grading and staging can aid...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2024 in |
Background: Globally used modern medicines cause various adverse drug reactions (ADR). In order to improve patient safety and welfare, and to reduce patient morbidity and mortality, spontaneous ADR reporting is the need of the hour. Nurses are the first point of contact with patients in any hospital, so their awareness is important to improve the practice of pharmacovigilance. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude, practice and impact of an educational intervention on pharmacovigilance among nurses. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study done among 86 Nursing officers, employed at a tertiary care teaching hospital in southern Rajasthan. After taking consent, a pre-validated questionnaire comprising of four sections: demographic data, questions to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice towards pharmacovigilance and ADR forms were provided to the participants and a pre-test was conducted. This was followed by a well-planned overview of Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), case-based training session and a post-test. Result: The calculated mean score of questions regarding knowledge, of Pre-test was 2.88 and Post-test was 6.05 out of 8, which...
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