Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
Quality by Design (QbD) refers to the achievement of certain predictable quality with a predetermined and desired specification. The current studies details QbD enable development of a simple, rapid, sensitive and cost-effective High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic method for estimation of Sofosbuvir. The factor screening studies were performed using 5-factor 8-run 2-level factorial design. System thematic optimization was performed employing split-plot design by selecting the mobile phase ratio, buffer pH, and column type as the critical method parameter (CMPs) identified from screening studies, thus evaluating a critical analytical attributes (CAAs) namely, retention time, peak tailing, and theoretical plate as per the parameter of the method robustness. The optimal chromatographic separation was achieved using acetonitrile and ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4) 48:52 v/v as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.1 ml/min by using a PDA detector at 262 nm. The method was validated as per the ICH-recommended conditions, which ensure a high degree of linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and robustness over the exiting liquid chromatography methods of the drug....
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
This article describes the Cu(II) complexes including [Cu(phen)(L-val)TU)] 1 & [Cu(bpy)(L-val)TU)] 2 (phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline; bpy = 2,2’-bipyridyl, L-val = L-valine and TU = Thiourea). The complexes were synthesized by ligand substitution method and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The intense UV band around 270 nm was due to n-π* transition. The binding behaviors of these complexes to cal thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were explored by spectroscopic titrations, emissions, viscosity measurements, and cyclic voltammetry. The binding constant value of complexes 1 and 2 was 8.42 × 105 M-1 and 7.12 × 105 M-1 respectively. Results suggest that the complex 1 can bind to CT-DNA through intercalation and complex 2 binds through partial intercalation. However, their binding ability differed, this may be attributed to the difference in ligand coordinated the metal centre, complex 1 shows higher binding affinity than complex 2, this is due to the extended π-conjugated system of phenanthroline ring. The cytotoxicity of complexes 1 and 2 evaluated by MTT assay; results indicated that complexes have significant cytotoxicity...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
Background: Permanent cuffed catheter (permcath) is a method used to access the veins in hemodialysis. In those patients with catheter exit indication, a small incision is made on the skin after feeling the cuff under the skin and catheter is removed after disconnecting its tissue-cuff connection. In this study, the whole connection between catheter cuff and tissue is disconnected using a new tool named trocar; then the catheter is removed. Materials and Method: This is a clinical trial conducted on 104 patients candidate for catheter removal in two groups. The bleeding level, the operation length, the damages requiring intervention following catheter removal and the number of stitches made were all recorded. The patients’ outcome regarding bleeding and surgical site infection was traced for 14 days following the operation, and the probable complications such as edema, fever, ecchymosis, etc. were recorded. Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding background diseases (P = 0.3). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
Objective: To investigate the effects of ethanolic extracts of leaf and fruit of Trichosanthes dioica and leaf of Clitoria ternatea were studied on the altered non-enzymatic antioxidant system such as reduced glutathione (GSH), Vitamin E, C and A in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Methods: Male adult Wistar albino rats divided into eleven groups of six rats each were assigned to non-diabetic and diabetic groups (Group I to XI). Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by single intraperitoneal administration of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight), on confirming diabetes after 48 h of injection. Group I and II were kept as non-diabetic and diabetic control. The other diabetic groups (Group III to Group X) were treated with both individual and combined ethanolic extracts of T. dioica and C. ternatea at the doses of 200, and 400 mg/kg of body weight were administrated orally at a single dose per day for 28 consecutive days. Group XI was treated with Glibenclamide (600 μg/kg body weight), a standard oral hypoglycemic drug used as a...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2018 in |
Background: Improper asthma inhaler device use was most likely one of the major causes associated with uncontrolled asthma and frequent respiratory clinic visits. Therefore, assessment of the effect of the improper use of metered dose inhaler device in the control of bronchial asthma, and the factors that have important impact on asthma management and control. Objectives: To evaluate the inhaler technique among asthmatic patients and to investigate the characteristics of these patients and factors associated with improper use of inhaler devices and its relationship with asthma control. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 100 patients who visited respiratory clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital with bronchial asthma from 1st of August 2014 to 28th February 2015. Information was collected about demographic data and asthma control and we assessed the inhaler techniques for each patient using an inhaler technique checklist. Results: Among the 100 asthma patients, 50 (50%) were male, 50 (50%) female. There was a statistically significant association between educational defects with the gender (P value <0.05). There was a statistically...
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