Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2024 in |
A Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used for quantification of potential genotoxic impurities (PGI) in the Darunavir propylene glycolate drug substance (API). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a column UPLC BEH C18, 1.7 μm (100×2.1mm), with a Mobile-phase-A was ammonium bi carbonate and Mobile-phase-B was acetonitrile in gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min and injection volume is 2.0 µL. Quantification of impurities was carried out using triple quadrupole mass detection with electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was fully validated with good linearity over the concentration range of 0.23 to 1.69 μg/g of the Darunavir propylene glycolate test concentration for all Genotoxic impurities. The correlation coefficient obtained in each case was 0.999. The recoveries were found satisfactory over the range between 98.1 to 101.4% for all selected impurities. A novel selective, highly sensitive and hyphenated analytical method using LC-MS/MS coupled with negative electrospray ionization has been developed for quantification of genotoxic impurities like Nitro benzene sulfonic acid and Methyl-4-amino benzene sulfonate...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2024 in |
Background: To reduce the run and retention times of amlodipine and chlorthalidone in pharmaceutical dosage forms, a simple, affordable, time-efficient, stability-indicating, and accurate reverse-phase liquid chromatographic technique was developed. Successful chromatographic separation was achieved using Inertsil ODS-3V (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size). A gradient consisting of water (pH 3 adjusted with formic acid) and acetonitrile was used as the mobile phase. A 20 μl injection volume was utilized, and a flow rate of 1 ml per minute was observed. The wavelength of detection was 365 nm. Method validation followed ICH norms. The medication was also found to be stable under all stress scenarios. The observed retention times for amlodipine were 1.8 minutes and chlorthalidone was 4.5 minutes. The linearity range was observed in a concentration of 50 – 150%. The percentage recovery of Chlorthalidone was 99.30% and for Amlodipine was 99.61%. The suggested technique was successfully tested and used for the estimation of amlodipine and chlorthalidone in pharmaceutical dose...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2024 in |
Background: Daucus carota L contains a variety of carotenoids and well known for their antioxidant properties, in particular β-carotene. The antioxidant capability of polyphenols present in Camellia sinensis has been reported to be both chemo-protective and healing. The present work is about to evaluate the Hepatoprotective activity of Daucus carota L and Camellia sinensis extract combination against azathioprine-induced liver injury in rats as a model and determine the hematological findings, biochemical parameters and histophathological changes in liver section of rats. Methods: To evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of combination animals were divided into 6 groups of six rats in each group. Group I a normal control group which received normal saline on the daily basis by orally. Group II a disease group treated with drug model azathioprine 50mg/kg (w/w) i.p route to induce disease. Group III a standard drug group and the rats are treated with drug silymarin 50mg/kg (w/w) p.o Group IV test drug 1 (carrot extract) 25ml/kg body weight by p.o route. Group V test drug 2 (Green...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2024 in |
Development of UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide was done by Q-Absorbance ratio method and area under curve method and stability indicating studies using methanol as solvent. In the present research, we have made an attempt to develop a simple, specific, accurate, precise and reproducible method for the estimation of hydrochlorothiazide by UV spectrophotometric method, the method includes area under curve method (Method I) and Q- absorbance Ratio method (Method II). The wavelength is 272 nm λmax of drug was selected for Method I, and for Q- absorbance Ratio method (Method II) 258 nm an iso-absorptive wavelength and 272 nm were selected for estimation of Hydro-chlorothiazide and the drug follow Beer’s law over the concentration range of 1-6 μg/ml. The % recovery of the drug was found to be nearly 100 % representing the accuracy of the proposed methods. LOD and LOQ values of hydrochlorothiazide were Found to be 0.136, 0.411, 0.181, 0.556, 0.134, 0.404 at 272 nm, 258 nm and 242 nm respectively, validation of the proposed...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2024 in |
Traditionally, Merremia vitifolia meets multipurpose medicinal uses in tribal areas. Therefore, the study worked on hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects on animal models to meet the research gap on this plant. Methanolic stem extract at 200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg were administrated orally to determine the effects on blood glucose and hepatic enzymes. The highest dose showed a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in blood glucose. Maximum glucose level reduction (52.1%) was observed at 400 mg/kg extract with 3.5±0.6 mmol/L after 3 h, while reference glibenclamide (10mg/kg) reduced 25.2% with 4.4±0.8 mmol/L. The plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase of CCl4 intoxicated mice were 108.8, 43.4, and 268.8 IU/L at 400 mg/kg, where the values for reference silymarin (100 mg/kg) were 103.4, 54.3, and 237.7 IU/L, respectively. The reduction of alkaline phosphate and alanine aminotransferase levels were moderately (p<0.01) and minimally (p<0.05) significant at concentration 400 mg/kg, respectively. Therefore, the study explored the plant’s potential hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects, where the hypoglycemic effect was strongly...
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