Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
The genus Rhododendron has been widely used in traditional medicine. Rhododendron ponticum L. (R. ponticum) contains grayanotoxins with diterpene qualities. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of R. ponticum L. extract on glioma in a rat glioma cell line (F98) and to calculate the amounts of grayanotoxins I and III. Rhododendrons were gathered from the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey during the common flowering period. Their flowers were dried under suitable conditions, extracted with distilled water and lyophilized. The amounts of grayanotoxin I and III in the common rhododendron extract were determined by the chromatographic method. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of different concentrations of the R. ponticum L. extract in mitochondrial (MTT) and lysosomal (Neutral red) assays was evaluated in glioma F98 cell lines. It was determined that the R. ponticum L. extract with a grayanotoxin I amount of 55.75 μg/kg and a grayanotoxin III amount of 7.4 μg/kg had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect. IC50 was found to be...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Herbal plants are effective in the treatment of various diseases. More or less they are unscientifically and improperly used. These plants deserve detailed studies in the light of modern medicine. Having detailed investigation and documentation of herbal plants used in local health traditions and after that doing pharmacological evaluation of these plants and their taxonomical classification can lead to the development of valuable plant drugs for many diseases. In the present study, the renal effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Portulaca oleracea (whole plant) were evaluated by performing the kidney function tests. Firstly the hydro-alcoholic extract of the plant was made. Rats were made diabetic by a single dose of 120 mg/kg b.w. After observing them for 72 hours, the blood glucose levels were checked. The rats having blood glucose levels above 200 mg/dl were taken for the study. The extract was first subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The doses taken were 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of many plant constituents. The effect of the...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
The present investigation was to formulation and development of fast dissolving mucoadhesive buccal film of nebivolol by using solvent casting method. Nebivolol is a third-generation cardio selective β1-blocker undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver, gastrointestinal disturbance, abdominal pain after its oral administration and resulting in to a poor (10-12%) bioavailability. In order to improve the bioavailability, efficacy and to minimize the side effects associated with oral administration. Prepared mucoadhesive buccal films using HPMC E15 and PVP as mucoadhesive polymers. Among the two polymers used HPMC E15 showed an increased in-vitro residence time due to high mucoadhesive property. Mucoadhesive buccal films were evaluated by weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, pH, in-vitro disintegration, in vitro dissolution, tensile strength and drug content. In-vitro drug release study showed that more than 98.19 ± 0.02 % drug was released within 40 min. The tensile strength of formulation SW9 was found 50.00 N/mm2. Folding endurance of formulation SW9 was found 149. The disintegration time for formulation SW1 was found to be 79.37 seconds and SW9...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
The present study explains computational methods to design 3D structure of “Cytochrome P450 4A11” of Homo sapiens enzyme using the sequence available from Uniprot (Uniprot KB – Q02928). Homology modelling study was performed to generate a 3D model of Cytochrome P450 protein. The model was developed by using Modeler 9.17 software tool. The developed model was further docked with already existing drugs using the Autodock 4.2 software. After designing the model molecular docking studies were performed by using Autodock 4.2 with 5 drugs to identify the functional effect of protein. The developed model shows above 91 % of the amino acids in most favoured region. All the drugs show good binding energy and interactions. The compound olanzapine shows highest binding energy of -7.86 kCal/mol with interacting Gly453. These studies provide understanding and interpreting the data produced by these methods. It explains to understand molecular interactions at the active site...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Aim: To gain an insight into patients medications and their experience of self-reported adverse drug reactions. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the Emergency Department of a teaching hospital in the Midlands, United Kingdom from February to March, 2012.The study included patients aged 16 or over and currently on treatment with one or more medications. All patients were questioned on their medication history, indications for their medicines and experience of any adverse drug reactions with their medicines. Results: Of the 341 patients assessed, data from 85 patients was not complete and therefore was not included in the analysis. 256 (75%) of patients were included in the study. 103(40%) patients reported using over the counter medications, mainly paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 52 (20%) of the patients did not know the reason for taking their medications and 116 (45%) patients were unaware of the adverse effects of their medications. 79 adverse drug reactions were recorded in 62 (24%) patients with 17 patients suffering from multiple reactions. Lack of...
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