Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
Eulophia nuda Lind. belongs to family Orichidaceae and is a rare and endangered orchid. Present research work was carried out on tuber extracts of Eulophia nuda for the evaluation of antimicrobial activities and hepatoprotective. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed presence of phytochemical constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides (cardiac), tannins, saponins, carbohydrates in three tuber extracts prepared by using solvents (chloroform, acetone and ethanol). Antibacterial activity was carried out with Disc Diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Acetone extract was more effective against Staphylococcus aureus with maximum zone of inhibition 18 mm compared to standard antibiotic Ampicillin with zone of inhibition 20 mm. Antifungal studies was carried out using well diffusion method against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Chloroform extract was more effective against Aspergillus niger having zone of inhibition 17 mm compared with standard antifungal Fluconazole (20mm). Acetone extract shown the zone of inhibition of 16 mm against Aspergillus flavus compared to standard Fluconazole (22mm). Hepatoprotective activity was carried out as per OECD...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
A new stability indicating RP HPLC method has been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride and Canagliflozin in bulk and dosage forms. The method involves separation on Kromasil C18 column (250mm x 4.6mm x5µm particle size). The optimized mobile phase consists of 0.1% OPA (pH 2.8) and Acetonitrile (45:55v/v) with a flow rate of 1ml/min and UV detection at 254mn. Retention time was 2.112 min (Metformin Hydrochloride), 2.671 min (Canagliflozin). Linearity range was 25-150ug/ml (Metformin Hydrochloride), 2.5-15ug/ml (Canagliflozin). Accuracy was in the range of 98.22-101.54% for both drugs. Precision was 0.63% and 0.65% for Metformin Hydrochloride and Canagliflozin. LOD and LOQ are 0.17ug/ml and 2.20ug/ml for Metformin Hydrochloride, 0.01ug/ml and 0.50ug/ml for Canagliflozin. The method developed is more sensitive, accurate and precise than the methods reported earlier. Retention time and run time were also less and hence the method is economical. When applied for tablet assay, drug content was within 98.55-101.4% of labelled content. Forced degradation studies indicated the suitability of the method for stability...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
Auricularia auricula-judae is a precious colloid fungus, widely used as a food supplement and medicine in Southeast Asian countries. The hot water extract of Auricularia auricula-judae was investigated for antioxidant efficacy and also determined the amount of phytochemical components such as total phenols and flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was analysed by different in vitro assays namely, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical and OH (hydroxyl) radical scavenging assay, FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay, metal chelation and β-carotene bleaching assays. Total antioxidant capacity was determined using phosphomolybdenum assay. A. auricula-judae exhibited strong antioxidant activity in all the assays. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between the concentrations tested and between the EC50 value of A. auricula-judae and standard antioxidants. Considerable amount of secondary metabolites like phenols and flavonoids were found in A. auricula-judae. The extract was shown to be very good scavengers of DPPH, OH radicals, reducer of ferric ions, and an excellent metal chelator. The antioxidant activity of A. auricula-judae was found to be dose-dependent. Therefore, it can be suggested that A....
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) of pharmaceutical bulk drug, four impurities were identified and were detected by a newly developed Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. The R.S.D.’s for SM-I, SM-II, SM- III and SM were found to be 1.48%, 1.71%, 1.67%, 6.37% respectively. These values are within the acceptance criteria of 10%.The limit of quantification values for SM-I, SM-II and SM-III were found to be 0.006 %, 0.006 %, and 0.006 % w.r.t. analyte concentration (500 μg /cm3), respectively. For determining method accuracy, known as unclean LOQ, the specified limit of 80%, 100% and 120% of the SM bulk sample (test preparation) was pointed. For confirming method precision six different test preparations of samples of SM were analyzed. Identified impurities were characterized by LC/MS/MS method. Identified impurities were unknown. Structural determination of such impurities was carried out by LC/MS/MS using electro spray ionization source and an ion trap mass analyzer. Structural identification by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The method was validated according...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2017 in |
Spices have been used since long to enhance the flavor and aroma of our foods. Besides, they also produce several medicinal effects and are used in treating various clinical ailments. The different phytochemicals present greatly influence the biological activities possessed by plants/spices. The present research work investigates the free radical scavenging and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibition activity of different extracts of Elletaria cardamomum, Piper nigrum and Syzygium aromaticum. Total phenol, flavonoid, condensed tannins and saponin contents were also measured. Among the different extracts of spices evaluated for DPPH free radical scavenging, ethanolic extract of S. aromaticum exhibited the highest inhibition with IC50 value of 42±7.4 µg/ml. This high radical scavenging activity can be directly correlated with the presence of high total phenolic content (310±6.87 mg GAEs/g extract) possessed by the extract. The ethanolic extracts of all three spices had shown better inhibition activity against AChE than other extracts. At 500 µg/mL concentration, S. aromaticum and E. cardamomum ethanolic extracts showed 52.22±3.7 % and 52.95±2.9 % AchE inhibition respectively. These findings...
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