Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Baboon’s Cucumber (Kedrostis africana (Linnaeus) Cogn is a monoecious caudiciform plant that belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. Baboon’s Cucumber is used traditionally for the management of syphilis and obesity in South Africa. In the present study, we examined the hatchability and lethality of Baboon’s Cucumber bulb extracts against brine shrimps. The tested samples were aqueous extract, acetone extract, and ethanol extract. Cytotoxicity was screened using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The hatching success was in the order: ethanol extracts (49.2%) >aqueous extract (45.4%) >acetone extract (45.2%). All the extracts hatching success were significantly higher than the positive control (potassium dichromate) (p <0.05). Based on Clarkson’s toxicity index, LC50> 1 mg/mL were considered non-toxic for acetone extract while the aqueous and ethanolic extracts were considered to be moderately toxic (LC50 100-500 μg/mL) with LC50 of 0.298 and 0.489 mg/mL respectively. In conclusion, since the aqueous and ethanolic bulb extracts of K. africana exhibits potent cytotoxic property comparable to that of standard drug. Therefore, this might be utilized for the development of...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Crystal engineering of cocrystals promises a new approach for the development of suitable solid phase when the solubility of API is compromised. Cocrystals are an emerging solid-state form to change physicochemical and biopharmaceutical drug properties. A cocrystal is defined as a stoichiometric hydrogen-bonded complex in the solid state between the active drug species and a suitable coformer molecule that is safe for human consumption. In the present work, cocrystal of telmisartan has been prepared with citric acid. The TEL-CA cocrystal prepared by fast evaporation technique was initially characterized using DSC and FTIR studies. The PXRD pattern of the cocrystal was completely different from that of drug and coformer. The crystal structure determined using Material Studio software (Accelrys) showed triclinic symmetry with P1 space group. TEL-CA cocrystal forms a hetersynthon involving the amine group of telmisartan and carboxylic acid group of citric acid. The equilibrium solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate of cocrystal showed improvement in solubility as compared to pure drug. The pharmacokinetic parameters also showed a two fold increase...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Introduction: Irbesartan is chemically 2-butyl-3-({4-[2-(2H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl) phenyl] phenyl} methyl) -1,3-diazaspiro [4.4] non-1-en-4-one. Irbesartan is an Angiotensin II receptor antagonist effective in the treatment of Hypertension. It is also effective in the treatment of High blood pressure. It is also effective when used alone or in combination with other drugs. Aims and Objectives: Objective of the present study is to develop a simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and rapid first order derivative spectrophotometric method for the estimation of irbesartan in pure form. Results: For the estimation of irbesartan, solvent system employed was 50% v/v aqueous ethanol and wavelength of detection (λdet) was 237 nm. The linearity was obtained in the range 8 -18 µg/ml, with a regression coefficient, R2 = 1. Discussion: Obtained results showed that there is minimum intraday and inter day variation. The developed method was validated and recovery studies were also carried out. Sample recovery using the above method was in good agreement with their respective labeled claims, thus suggesting the validity of the method and non-interference of formulation...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Ballota nigra (Lamiaceae) has been widely used as traditional medicine in many countries for the treatment of neuro-sedative, antidepressant, antioxidant, antibacterial, insecticidal, anticholinesterase and antifeedant effects. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Ballota nigra Linn. against five bacterial pathogens. The leaves were extracted in five different organic solvents and their potential were tested against three Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis) using Agar well diffusion method. The results indicate that most of the extracts showed prominent activity against all the bacterial strains. The methanol extract was most effective with zone of inhibition ranging from 12.20 ± 0.19 to 22.20 ± 0.19 mm for all the tested strains, while chloroform and ethyl acetate shows moderate activity. It clearly depicts that the methanol extract exhibit significant antibacterial activity due to the presence of phyto-constituents. This work can be further explored to in vitro studies for isolation and identifying...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2017 in |
Purpose: Several medications are currently available for trying smoking cessation, such as nicotine replacement therapy or antidepressants. This study investigates potential effect of Meclezine-B6 combination; and B6 tablets administrated orally for possibility of reducing number of cigarettes smoked per day during 10 days. Methods: Using placebo control study. In which adult smokers’ volunteers were assigned to one of study groups; control (N=20) or meclizine-B6 (N=50) and B6 group (N=50). All volunteers take their medications as single daily dose at night and the start to report number of cigarettes smoked daily from day 1 to day 10 with reporting the side effects appeared during the study. Results: The results showed there was significant declining in number of cigarettes daily smoked as compared with day 1 of study especially in B6 group. In This group, also higher percentage of volunteers showed significant smoking declining as compared to meclizine-b6 and control group. And most common side effects reported were drowsiness and headache especially in meclizine-B6 group. The potential role of B6 in...
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