Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Annona squamosa Linn.commonly called as custard apple, is an edible tropical fruit belongs to the family Annonaceae, is said to show varied medicinal effects, including insecticide, antiovulatory and abortifacient. Hence the present investigation was carried out to determine the phytochemical composition of A. squamosa leaf extract using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry technique, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. This paper shows the isolation and structural elucidation of the several new natural bioactive compounds from the leaf of A. Squamosa linn in hydroethanolic extract. GC-MS analysis expressed thirty analytes, among that two compounds were showed high peak level such as of 2-Butanone, 3-amino-4-phenyl-(10.21%) and (-)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline, 6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-(6.01%), Hence, the present study focused the leaf extract of Annona squamosa plant possessed promising source of bioactivity as well as justifying the use of this plant to treat many ailments in folk and herbal...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Stannous chloride (SnCl2), an inorganic salt and Dimethyltin dichloride (DMTC), the organic species were found to influence the survival and nitrogen assimilatory system of Nostoc muscorum. A difference in the survival fractions suggested for differential susceptibility of the strain to the toxic effects of the either tin species. Growth of the Nostoc muscorum cells, measured as a function of graded concentration of SnCl2 and DMTC, both in the absence and presence of exogenous nitrogen sources, revealed an increased tolerance of Nostoc cells in the presence of nitrite (NaNO2), next to nitrogen-fixing condition. DMTC induced decline in the Nitrate Reductase (NR) and stimulation in the Glutamine synthetase (GS) activity indicated nitrogen starvation like condition. On the other hand, a vice versa result obtained with SnCl2 suggested for toxic effect of the inorganic nitrogen...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Background: Immunization is the most cost-effective intervention for infectious diseases which are the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is a scarcity of information on the vaccination status of young adults and the role of socioeconomic conditions in India. Objectives: Present study explored the adult vaccination status and influence of income and education of parents on adult vaccination status in university students from Mumbai, India. Methods: On the basis of the eligibility criterion 149 students were selected for the present study. A total of 8 vaccines namely Tdap/DTP, Varicella, MMR, Influenza, Pneumococcal, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B and Meningococcal were included in this study for all the respondents. In addition to these vaccines, Human Papilloma Virus vaccine was also included for female respondents. Results: There were total of 149 (75 male and 74 females) respondents with the mean age of 21.5 years. The top 3 immunizations were Td/Tdap (97.3%), MMR (66.4%) and Hepatitis B (55%) among the respondents. Only 4 (5.5%) female respondents have been immunized against the...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Snakehead fish powder containing albumin has macromolecule size which is difficult to penetrate into membrane cell. So, It was formulated into nanoemulsion utilizing the best comparison of surfactant, co-surfactant and oil. Nanoemulsion of snakehead fish powder was characterized by particle size analyzer. The snakehead fish were extracted by atomizer (-40 °C, 1atm) to gain powder which was formulated into nanoemulsion by spontaneous emulsification method using the best comparison of oleic acid, propylene glycol and Tween 80 (1:10). Propylene glycol was added into Tween 80 and oleic acid and stirred until homogeneous mixture. Then water, containing 0.125% of snakehead fish powder, was added drop by drop until becoming a transparent solution by sonication. It was characterized by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and Particle Size Analyzer. The results of this research showed that snakehead fish nanoemulsion generated clear, stable, and translucent formula having the transmittance value of 100%. The characterization results described nanoemulsion had the average particle size of 147.63 nm. Meanwhile, the average of polydispersity index and zeta potential values were 0.234...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Polypharmacy may affect patient’s QOL. Polypharmacy has been shown to result in Unnecessary and/or inappropriate medication prescribing, increased risk for drug interactions and ADRs, Non adherence, and increased overall drug expenditures. That’s how poly pharmacy affects patient compliance. A retrospective study was conducted about the polypharmacy and medication compliance in patient with type 2 diabetes in various teaching hospitals of Lahore. 19% of patients were prescribed at least one diabetes related medicine and 81% was prescribed more than one diabetes related medicines. 100 patients surveyed were taking a ∑ of 4 medicines per patient to control diabetes and related comorbidities for a total of 378 medicines. Despite the complexity of medical regimens, patients reported high level of compliance for each diabetes related medicine 92% of the prescribed doses were taken with the 6% of missing doses. It was concluded that despite the complexity of medical regimens, patients reported high level of compliance for each diabetes related medicine. Patient’s perception of the immediate and future benefit of prescribed medication had...
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