Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
Aegle marmelos(L.), family rutaceae is highly reputed medicinal tree commonly known as the bael. All parts of the plant have medicinal properties and extensively used by the traditional medicine practitioners of Bangladesh in different health ailments like Diabetes, Diarrhea, Jaundice, typhoid. The present study was dedicated to investigate phytochemical and pharmacological properties of ripe fruit, half-ripe fruit, leaf and seed of the plant extracted with methanol solvent. Initial phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of different phytoconstituents including alkaloid, flavonoids, carbohydrate, glycoside, saponin, tannin, glucoside and steroids in different extracts. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using total phenol and total flavonoid contents determination assays, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, NO radical scavenging assay, reducing power assessment, CUPRAC (Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity), total alkaloid determination assay. All the plant parts were found to possess moderate amounts of phenolics and flavonoids, expressed as galic acid equivalent (GAE) and quercetin equivalent (QE) respectively. The methanolic extract of half-ripe fruit demonstrated highest phenolic content (6.05 mg/gm GAE) while methanol extract of seed...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
The hemoglobin uptake and transport by the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum are preferable targets for antimalarial drug development. There is a need for alternative approaches to investigate the endocytic process of live and intact cells under non-disruptive conditions as previous findings were mostly based on morphological analysis of thin-section electron micrographs. In the present study, resealed erythrocytes containing TMR-dextran, the host cell cytoplasm marker, were prepared and characterized. Fresh erythrocytes were collected in EDTA anticoagulant vacutainer tubes, which proved to maintain a normal biconcave disk shape of the cells. Using a modified hypotonic dilution method, washed erythrocytes were lysed in 3 volumes of hemolysis buffer, which permitted the retention of 33.56 ± 7.84% of the original hemoglobin content of the cells. Resealed erythrocytes containing TMR-dextran were invaded by the parasites with similar efficiency to unlabeled cells, and able to support the parasite growth and development. Live cell fluorescence imaging of the endocytic process revealed the appearance of TMR-dextran-containing small endocytic vesicles with intense signals at early ring stage. These...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
Diltiazem hydrochloride is a calcium channel blocker used in various cardiac diseases. It is associated with problem of short biological half life leading to high dosage frequency. Therefore, to ensure the controlled drug delivery systems of diltiazem the alginate-chitosan microspheres were prepared by Ionotropic gelation technique and characterized. The diltiazem hydrochloride SR microspheres were successfully formulated by Ionotropic gelation technique employing different proportions of sodium alginate, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) K15M and carbopol 934 in various combinations. The prepared diltiazem hydrochloride microspheres were characterized for entrapment efficiency, swelling index, Carr’s index, angle of repose, particle size, assay and in-vitro drug release. Further, the final optimized formulations were assessed for their compatibility studies using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy and stability was assessed by conducting accelerated stability studies. All the diltiazem hydrochloride microsphere formulations were found have good flow properties. The mean particle size was found to be within a range of 6.1-to 9.2 μm and entrapment efficiency ranged from 70% to 94.6%. In-vitro drug release was found to...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
The immunomodulatory and antiulcerogenic activities of the chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don.) leaves were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the best results regarding to a high significant increase of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and reduction of ulcers number and severity compaered with Ranitidine. HPLC technique was used to investigate the phenolic contents in the most bioactive fraction of S. sempervirens (D. Don.) The results allowed the identification and quantification of 12 phenolic acids and 15 flavonoids (in mg /g dry powder ± SD), protocatechuic acid was the predominant phenolic acid (10.94 ± 1.22), followed by salicylic acid (4.52 ± 1.23), coumaric acid (4.42 ± 0.21) and sinapic acid(3.57 ± 0. 63). Vitexin showed the highest content of identified flavonoids (6.67± 1.21) followed by orientin (5.96 ± 1.18) and quercetin-3,7-di-O-glucoside (4.92± 0.73). Ten flavonoids named as isoorientin (luteolin-6-C-glucopyarnoside) (1) isovitexin (apigenin-6-C -glucopyarnoside) (2) orientin (luteolin-8-C-glucopyarnoside) (3) vicenin-II (6, 8- di-C-glucosylapigenin) (4) mangiferin (5) vitexin (apigenin-8-C-glucopyarnoside) (6) protocatechuic acid (7) luteolin (8). apigenin (9)...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
In pharmaceutical industry, researchers aim at catering to the need of robust analytical methods for analysis of generic drug products. The paper deals with method of analysis of pharmaceutical formulation – Entacapone, Levodopa and Carbidopa tablets for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. The paper presents a simple and efficient HPLC method that has been developed for a multi component drug formulation for estimation of % drug release of levodopa and carbidopa. This HPLC method uses ‘Cosmosil 5PE-MS 150 x 4.6 mm, 5 µ’ HPLC column, combination of phosphate buffer pH 2.5 and methanol as mobile phase in gradient mode with UV detection at 280 nm. The method was validated and found to be precise, robust, accurate, linear (in range 0.020 to 0.40 mg/mL and 0.005 to 0.100 mg/mL of Levodopa and Carbidopa respectively), and specific for blank and placebo solution ensuring suitability of the method for quantitative determination of % drug release of Levodopa and Carbidopa in presence of Entacapone in multi component pharmaceutical...
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