Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
The pharmacognostic evaluation, anatomy and antimicrobial potentials of the leaf, stem and root of Moringa oleifera Lam were evaluated. Powdered extracts obtained from the various plant organs were used for the analytical standardization. The methanolic plant extracts were assayed for antimicrobial activities using the Agar well diffusion method. This was compared with standard antibiotics, Gentamicin and ketoconazole. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the methanolic plant extracts against the sensitive microorganisms was determined via the turbidity method. The results of the analytical standardization of the powdered leaf, stem and root of Moringa oleifera were found to be within pharmacopoeial standards. The results of the anatomical studies showed normal tissue distribution with distinctive features and structures, which could be instrumental for delimiting other closely related species. The phytochemical analysis revealed varying concentrations of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, resins, proteins and carbohydrates. The plants extracts exhibited antibacterial activities against all test bacteria. The stem extract particularly was better effective against Salmonella typhi than Standard antibiotic Gentamicin, with an MIC...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Serum markers reflect a bone cell activity that regulate bone remodeling, bone alkaline phosphatase (PAO), Total Intact Procollagen Type I N-terminal propeptide (TP1NP) for training and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAPB5), carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (Cross Laps) for bone resorption. These markers are sensitive and early tools, Elevated serum levels of these markers is a very good prognostic factor of primary bone tumors as well as monitoring and evaluation tools. We investigated whether biomarkers of bone formation (PAO, P1NP) and bone resorption (CTX and TRAPb5) were modified by chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of treatment on serum PAO and TP1NP and TP1NP and TRAPB5. Result: We found a significant correlation between serum levels of training biomarkers (PAO and TP1NP in the group of patients (p = 0.0042) and a strong correlation between PAO and TP1NP In the sick and control groups (p = 0.00027) and a strong correlation between TP1NP and TRAP5b in the groups of patients and controls (p = 0.033). Bone markers can...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
To determine the Antimicrobial activity of fruit juices on the bacterial flora of mouth. The study is done to analyze whether the fruit juices helps in reducing the oral bacterial count which is constantly increasing. Fruits and vegetables are the main sources for essential nutrients. They also have a series of bio active components which have multiple effect on human general health. One such effect is, its Antimicrobial activity. More than 700 species of bacteria, fungi and parasites are present in the oral cavity as commensals. Among the fruit juices which are frequently consumed are apple, pomegranate and guava exhibit have an inhibitory effect on the oral bacterial flora and prevent them from causing dental caries and other oral lesions. The study is done using natural crude extracts of the fruit juices. After extraction they were sterilized by autoclaving at 1210c for 30 minutes. This is to mimic the natural environment of the mouth when the fruit juices are consumed. The study helps in better understanding the antimicrobial effect...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Strophanthus hispidus stem aqueous and organic (cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol) extracts were investigated in order to assess its use in traditional medicine. In vitro antibacterial activity assessed by Disc diffusion and Microdilution methods, was tested against Gram positive bacteria (sensible Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomas aeruginosa) at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values for all extracts range respectively from 0.05 mg/mL to 7.5 mg/mL and 0.117 mg/mL to 7.5 mg/mL. The activity was higher for cyclohexane and aqueous extracts. Cyclohexane extract had only terpenoids in considerable amount whereas aqueous extract contain alkaloids anthraquinone, tannin, saponine and polyphenols. Antioxidant activity evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl- hydrazyle ( DPPH) revealed that only ethanolic extract had appreciable antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 37,9 µg/mL. Ethanolic extract contain polyphenol, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids and saponines. The presence of these secondary metabolites explains the use of this plant in traditional...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Improvement in the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs is one of the challenges faced in the formulation development of the drugs. One of the most admirable and viable formulation approaches for this is self micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). A combination of clarithromycin and amoxicillin has been proved effective for treatment of H. pylori which are available only in tablet dosage form. Hence, the aim of the present study was to prepare SMEDDS of amoxicillin and clarithromycin for better patient compliance. SMEDDS were prepared using Peceol, Cremophor EL and Transcutol as oil, surfactant and co-surfactant respectively. Prepared SMEDDS were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, water dispersion properties, saturation solubility and in-vitro drug release. Dilution study by visual observation showed that there was spontaneous micro emulsification and no sign of phase separation. Study concluded that SMEDDS can be an effective alternative for tablet therapy with enhanced dissolution rate and...
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