Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Strophanthus hispidus stem aqueous and organic (cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol) extracts were investigated in order to assess its use in traditional medicine. In vitro antibacterial activity assessed by Disc diffusion and Microdilution methods, was tested against Gram positive bacteria (sensible Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomas aeruginosa) at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values for all extracts range respectively from 0.05 mg/mL to 7.5 mg/mL and 0.117 mg/mL to 7.5 mg/mL. The activity was higher for cyclohexane and aqueous extracts. Cyclohexane extract had only terpenoids in considerable amount whereas aqueous extract contain alkaloids anthraquinone, tannin, saponine and polyphenols. Antioxidant activity evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl- hydrazyle ( DPPH) revealed that only ethanolic extract had appreciable antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 37,9 µg/mL. Ethanolic extract contain polyphenol, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids and saponines. The presence of these secondary metabolites explains the use of this plant in traditional...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Improvement in the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs is one of the challenges faced in the formulation development of the drugs. One of the most admirable and viable formulation approaches for this is self micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). A combination of clarithromycin and amoxicillin has been proved effective for treatment of H. pylori which are available only in tablet dosage form. Hence, the aim of the present study was to prepare SMEDDS of amoxicillin and clarithromycin for better patient compliance. SMEDDS were prepared using Peceol, Cremophor EL and Transcutol as oil, surfactant and co-surfactant respectively. Prepared SMEDDS were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, water dispersion properties, saturation solubility and in-vitro drug release. Dilution study by visual observation showed that there was spontaneous micro emulsification and no sign of phase separation. Study concluded that SMEDDS can be an effective alternative for tablet therapy with enhanced dissolution rate and...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Quality of pharmaceutical product is very important because pharmaceuticals drugs should be safe and therapeutically active formulation performance should be consistent and predictable. Final product quality depends on all ingredients which is used for making the final product tablet. Final product tablet is made by the addition of bulk drug and excipients. The continuous evolution of the bulk drugs and excipients can only ensure the quality of final product. Moisture content of API’S and excipients plays a very important role to manufacture the final product. It is may affect the physical and chemical properties of final product. Moisture content affects the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of pharmaceutical finished dosage forms. In direct compression process, high and extra low moisture content could be it affects the hardness of tablet. For satisfactory hardness of tablet, room temperature and humidity must be maintained in a specific limit. Tablet hardness is also most import parameter for any solid dosage...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Introduction: Medical students of present era have to prove their efficiency in every step of life. To do so one has to become a competent doctor. This is possible only with the proper knowledge and application of the rational therapeutics in clinical practice. This can happen when the students are motivated and taught medicine in such a way that can produce better learning. The clinical aspect of medicine is usually touched in very theoretical way at present. This way of teaching pharmacology lacks the proper correlation of medicine and the disease (and patient). Students are hesitant in using the drugs related to cardiovascular system and are unable to handle the cardiovascular emergencies. Students practice irrational therapeutics. With this background idea, this project was taken up to enable our students to get better understanding of medicines. The project was a type of pilot study of its own kind to explore new mode of supportive teaching of pharmacology. Aim and Objectives: To know the impact of bedside teaching of clinical aspects...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2016 in |
Three marine soil samples collected at various seashores of the Bay of Bengal near Chirala Coast of Andhra Pradesh were screened for the isolation of lipolytic Actinobacteria by tributyrin agar clearing method. The isolates were cultured under submerged fermentation conditions and assayed for their extra cellular lipase producing capabilities using olive oil as substrate. Enzyme profiling of the selected strain was done by incorporating the respective substrates in the media. The different parameters namely, morphological, biochemical, physiological and molecular were used for the characterization and identification of actinomycetes isolates. The secondary structure and restriction site of selected actinomycetes were predicted using bioinformatics tools available online. Results indicated that all the isolates showed lipolytic activity after primary screening. These isolates were subjected to secondary screening and lipase activity is estimated quantitatively. Morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as enzymatic activities suggested that all the isolates belonging to the genus Streptomycetes. The marine isolate RPBS-A4 was the most active one and thus was selected further identification. The 16S rDNA...
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