Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2016 in |
Two chalcone diols (2E)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3(4-hydroxy, 3-ethoxy phenyl) prop-en-1-one and (2E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-3(4-hydroxy, 3-ethoxy phenyl) prop-en-1-one were synthesized by acid catalyzed ClaisenSchmidt reaction. The synthesized chalcones were made to undergo polymerization using three aliphatic dichlorides namely glutaryl, succinyl and oxalyl chlorides. The polymers were random copolyesters and characterized by solubility and viscosity measurement. The structure of the copolyester was established by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The biocidal efficacy was done by Disc diffusion method and found to be nominal against the standards used. Thus these copolyesters may be considered as drug...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2016 in |
Two new oleanane triterpene type saponins named lebbeckanin I (1) and lebbeckanin II (2), in addition to a new isomer of methyl inositol, D-1-O-methyl-cis-inositol (3), were isolated from butanol fraction of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth flowers. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including MS, 1H & 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC & HMBC. The fraction containing mixture of compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against HePG-2 (Hepatocarcinoma), HEP-2 (Larynx carcinoma), HELA (Cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (Breast carcinoma) and HCT-116 (Colon carcinoma) cell lines with LD50 values of 1.74, 3.42, 4.29, 0.65 and 0.74 µg respectively. In addition, the antimicrobial screening of the same fraction was evaluated and showed variable degrees of activity against all the tested organisms. It is notable that the same fraction showed antifungal activity against Syncephalastrum racemosum (RCBM 05922) stronger than that exhibited by Amphotericin...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2016 in |
The present study reports the studies directed towards the development of safe and efficient herbal mosquito repellent formulations obtained by mixing hexane extract of Azadirachta indica seeds, hexane/ethanol extract of Vitex negundo leaves, essential oils from Ocimum sanctum leaves, Curcuma longa rhizomes and Citrus sinensis peels and essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus leaves, Eucalyptus globules leaves and Syzygium aromaticum buds purchased from the market. 1 ml of 10% (v/v%) extract / essential oil containing ethanol solutions prepared using each plant extract / essential oil was tested for mosquito repellent activity using arm-in-cage method. A volunteer’s forearm rubbed with 1 ml test solution was exposed to 20 blood-seeking mosquitoes and the number of mosquitoes that aligned or biting the arm was recorded in each minute for five minutes. Analysis was carried out as a triplicate and mosquito repellent activities were found to be in the order: Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus globulus (100%) >Ocimum sanctum (97.94%) > Syzygium aromaticum (95.81%) > Citrus sinensis (93.75%) > Curcuma longa (89.56%) > Vitex negundo...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2016 in |
Background: Widespread use of antibiotics in livestock production in large-scale across the globe has become of public and veterinary health importance because of its implication in antibiotic resistance. Adequate data in this area of research is not readily available in Nigeria; this study was undertaken in view of the possible link between antimicrobial resistance in farm animals and humans. Methods: We collected fifty samples of raw beef from different vendors and slaughter houses within Abuja and screened them for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium using standard microbiological methods. The total bacterial and fungal counts, susceptibility of the isolates to different antibiotics and heat sensitivity at 55, 60 and 65ºC for 15 minutes were determined. Results: Our results show that ten isolates of Listeria monocytogenes and eighteen isolates of Salmonella typhimurium were isolated from the samples. The total viable bacteria count range was 1x 109 – 8x 109cfu/g while the fungal count was 1x 103 – 9x 109cfu/g. One (10 %) of the Listeria monocytogenes isolates was...
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Posted by admin on Aug 22, 2016 in |
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the ameliorative effect of curcumin against profenofos induced oxidative damage of renal tissue in mice. Animals were divided into four different groups namely Group-I (control mice; NC), Group-II (NC gavaged 100µl ethanol for 30 days; EC), Group-III (NC gavaged 25mg/kg b.w profenofos for alternate 30 days; PC) and Group-IV (PC treated with 120mg/kg b.w of curcumin daily till next 30 days; CurTPE). Electron micrographs of kidney and level of lipid peroxidase (LPO) were estimated to investigate the therapeutic potential against profenofos treated subjects. Histological analyses of PC showed hemorrhages of blood capillary, edema, necrosis and glomeruli shrinkage but CurTPE showed significant improvement, as compared to PC. Electron microscopic studies also revealed partly destruction of nucleus, mitochondrial membrane, cristae and formation of large vacuoles in cytoplasm but CurTPE showed recovery when compared to PC. It was observed that the damaging effects of profenofos on nucleus, mitochondrial membrane and cristae of renal tissues. It might be due to decrease in lipid concentration...
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