Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2016 in |
Migraine is an episodic headache disorder characterized by a combination of neurological, gastrointestinal, and autonomic symptoms. Eletriptan hydrobromide (EHBr) is a second generation triptan drug intended for treatment of migraine headaches. The main aim of the study was to prepare and evaluate elastic niosomes of EHBr (ENEH) and optimise the concentration of non-ionic surfactants and ethanol by ethanol injection method. The ENEH formulations were characterised for vesicular shape, size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and percutaneous permeation. The formulations exhibited entrapment efficiencies of 19.21±0.124% to 58.20±0.147%. The optimised formulation was FE2 consisting of Span 80 and Tween 20 prepared by ethanol injection method exhibited vesicle size of 207.2±53.7 nm, zeta potential of 19.5 mV entrapment efficiency of 69.70%, flux of 53.903±0.13 μg/cm2/hr, Q8 of 448.262±0.18 µg/cm2, permeability coefficient of 0.013 cm/hr and lag time of 0.2±0.14 hrs and skin content of 1423±12.4 μg/gm. In vitro and ex vivo drug permeation across rat skin revealed improved drug permeation and higher transdermal flux with ENEH formulations compared to niosomes and drug solution....
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2016 in |
Hydrazones are an important classe of biologically active compounds found in many synthetic compounds. In view of their importance in synthetic chemistry, the present article reported that a new series of novel hydrazone derivatives (4a-e) were synthesized by condensation of 3-((4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)methyl)benzonitrile(3) with different benzohydrazides and confirmed by their IR, 1H NMR, and Mass spectral data. Further these synthesized derivatives (4a-e) were evaluated for their biological activities such as antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activities. All the derivatives were showing the pharmacological activities mainly due to the presence of pharmacophore, azomethine group (CONH- N=CH) and were modified with various substituents. Among all the compounds 4a, 4d, and 4e incorporated with 4-methoxy, 4-chloro and 2,4-dichloro moieties exhibited more antiinflammatory activity and the remaining compounds 4b and 4c incorporated with 4-bromo and 2-bromo substituents showed moderate activity when compared with standard reference, indomethacin. The compounds 4d, 4e and 4b showed good analgesic activity and remaining compounds 4a and 4c showed moderate activity comparable to that of standard drug diclofenac. The compounds 4a and...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2016 in |
In the present study, the phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant activity, thrombolytic activity, membrane stabilizing activity, acute toxicity and anti-depressant activity were evaluated using Forced Swimming Test (FST) of the root extract of Typhonium trilobatum. Phytochemical evaluation was done by performing different chemical tests and the presence of flavonoid, carbohydrate and phenol were detected in the root parts of the plant. Methanol, chloroform and ethanol were used as solvent in extraction process. Each extraction yield was analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to identify and measure the quantity of ascorbic acid. Total flavonoid content and total phenol content was also determined by UV–VIS Spectrophotometer. Ascorbic acid, flavonoid, phenol was found to be of higher concentration in ethanol extract compared with methanol and chloroform extract. Ethanol was suitable solvent in extraction process of Typhonium trilobatum. In vitro antioxidant activity of the root extracts was performed by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, cupric reducing anti-oxidant activity, scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. These four...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2016 in |
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Ramadan fasting and life rhythm eating rhythm on some elimination parameters, such as the antipyrine clearance, urinary volume and pH. A single oral dose of Antipyrine was administred to 14 healthy volunteers at 08:00 p.m. All the volunteers were submitted to four treatment phases; the first one was carried out 1 week prior to Ramadan (PR), the second on the first week of Ramadan (R1), the third on the third week of Ramadan (R3) and the last one 3 weeks after Ramadan (AR). The salivary kinetic of antipyrine was determined for each treatment throughout the 48 hours following drug intake. Eight urine collections were performed after each antipyrine intake, their volumes and pH were immediately determined. Saliva antipyrine concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). No significant differences were found in salivary antipyrine elimination half-life t1/2 and clearance between the four periods studied. The 24 hours urine volume was not significantly modified during Ramadan. However, its...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2016 in |
Recent reports show that germination process increases the hypoglycemic activity of seeds many fold, and can act in a better way for diabetes management. Despite large use of fenugreek seeds than any part of the plant for the treatment of broad range of maladies including diabetes, the anti-diabetic effects of germinated seeds have not been assessed. In the present study, the effect of 21 days oral administration of germinated fenugreek seed extracts (100mg/kg bw, 200mg/kg bw, and 300mg/kg bw) on various biochemical markers like blood, glucose, blood insulin, hepatic glycogen content and key molecular markers of insulin signalling pathway in STZ-induced diabetic rats were assessed. Compared to its respective seed extract, the aqueous sprout extracts from IL8 seed genotype showed significantly higher hypoglycemic activity against the diabetic state and the best dose was established to be 300mg/kg bw. The antidiabetic effect of sprout extracts were quite comparable to standard antidiabetic drug, Voglibiose (1mg/kg bw). The germinated seed extract normalised significantly, various dysregulated biochemical and molecular markers of insulin signalling...
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