Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease with several triggers such as oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase), the total antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and homocysteine levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study population consists of 172 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 147 healthy controls. The glutathione peroxidase and the glutathione reductase erythrocyte activities were determined at 340 nm. The catalase activity was measured by colorimetric assay (Góth). The superoxide dismutase activity and the total antioxidant status levels were calculated using the colorimetric method at 505 nm and 600 nm respectively. Plasma malondialdehyde was determined by the spectrofluorometric method of Yagi. Serum homocysteine was measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase activities and total antioxidant status levels were significantly lower in patients compared to controls. However, malondialdehyde and homocysteine levels in patients were significantly higher than in healthy subjects. No significant difference in superoxide dismutase activity between...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
The present study was aimed to assess the reno-protective impact of aqueous extract of root of Withania somnifera (WSR) commonly known as Ashwagandha against organochlorine induced renal toxicity in fish Clarias batrachus (Linn.).Fishes were exposed to 4ppb concentration of commercial brand Endocel, an organochlorine pesticide for one week and two week to prepare the toxic model. These toxic groups of fishes were further treated with aqueous root extract of Withania somnifera (WSR)@100 mg /kg body wt for four weeks. After schedule exposure, blood serum was extracted and analyzed for total protein (TP) content. Renal tissues were processed for light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Endocel lowered TP at almost every exposure level. At LM level WSR extract treatment showed restoration of normal luminal characteristics of PCT & DCT and renal corpuscles but it failed to minimize abortive glomerulus, necrotic renal tubules with hypertrophied area, haemorrhagical clots & chronic venous congestion. At TEM level, WSR extract showed maximum retrieval in the cytoarchitecture of cuboidal epithelial cells of renal...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Losartan potassium, a highly effective blood pressure lowering agent, has widely used for treatment of hypertension. Simple, economic, selective, and precise and stability indicating HPLC method has been developed and validated for analysis of losartan potassium in bulk drug and formulation dosage form. In order to optimize more one response at time, the chemo metric approach which includes 23 factorial design at two level with three factors was set up to standardize the chromatographic condition. The mobile phase was 40:60 ACN: Buffer consist of 0.05% of orthophosphoric acid and 0.05% Triethylamine at flow rate 1.0ml/minute the eluent was monitored at 225nm. The calibration plots constructed using the concentration of 6.4 to 9.6µg/ml (80 -120%) with r2 =0.999, recovery =99.44% was indicative of accuracy of proposed method. The precision was calculated as repeatability, intraday (RSD) for the...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often associated with a lymphocytic infiltrate that is believed to represent an in vivo immune reaction to the tumor cells. In this study, the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) associated with primary OSCC were characterized in hundred newly-diagnosed patients to determine the nature of the immune response to the primary tumor and to correlate it with stage and grade of the disease in order to derive its significance. TILs were estimated in surgically removed oral cancer tissue, histopathologically and with immunohistochemistry, using antibody against CD3 (Dakopatts, Denmark). TIL were estimated in intratumoral and peritumoral areas and arbitrarily graded in to four groups. Site wise CD3 infiltration was found maximum in buccal mucosa and minimum in tongue, rest of the cases being distributed in other locations and the distribution showed statistical significant in intratumoral location. There was no significant correlation between tumor size and CD3 infiltration. Further CD3 infiltration was not related to either lymph node enlargement or bone involvement, however it was more in intratumoral...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Cyclocondensation of 5-6 and 7-8 with chloroacetyl chloride in presence of triethylamine give 9-10 and 11-12 respectively. All the synthesized compounds 1-12 have been screened for their antibacterial as well as antifungal activities and compared with reference drugs streptomycin and fusidic acid respectively. These synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against S. aureus and B. subtillis and antifungal activity against A. niger and C. albicans. The melting points were determined in open glass capillaries tubes. Purity of the compounds was checked by thin layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel G plates and spots were located by using iodine chamber. All the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental (C, H, N) and spectral IR, 1HNMR analysis. In this series compound 10 showed better antibacterial activity than reference drug streptomycin and compounds 10 and 12 were found to be more potent antifungal agents than reference drug fusidic...
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